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Code Editor : guile-procedures.txt
Produced by GNU Guile 2.2.7 from `./libguile/guile-procedures.texi'. acons - Scheme Procedure: acons key value alist Add a new key-value pair to ALIST. A new pair is created whose car is KEY and whose cdr is VALUE, and the pair is consed onto ALIST, and the new list is returned. This function is _not_ destructive; ALIST is not modified. sloppy-assq - Scheme Procedure: sloppy-assq key alist Behaves like `assq' but does not do any error checking. Recommended only for use in Guile internals. sloppy-assv - Scheme Procedure: sloppy-assv key alist Behaves like `assv' but does not do any error checking. Recommended only for use in Guile internals. sloppy-assoc - Scheme Procedure: sloppy-assoc key alist Behaves like `assoc' but does not do any error checking. Recommended only for use in Guile internals. assq - Scheme Procedure: assq key alist Fetch the entry in ALIST that is associated with KEY. To decide whether the argument KEY matches a particular entry in ALIST, `assq' compares keys with `eq?', `assv' uses `eqv?' and `assoc' uses `equal?'. If KEY cannot be found in ALIST (according to whichever equality predicate is in use), then return `#f'. These functions return the entire alist entry found (i.e. both the key and the value). assv - Scheme Procedure: assv key alist Behaves like `assq' but uses `eqv?' for key comparison. assoc - Scheme Procedure: assoc key alist Behaves like `assq' but uses `equal?' for key comparison. assq-ref - Scheme Procedure: assq-ref alist key Like `assq', `assv' and `assoc', except that only the value associated with KEY in ALIST is returned. These functions are equivalent to (let ((ent (ASSOCIATOR KEY ALIST))) (and ent (cdr ent))) where ASSOCIATOR is one of `assq', `assv' or `assoc'. assv-ref - Scheme Procedure: assv-ref alist key Behaves like `assq-ref' but uses `eqv?' for key comparison. assoc-ref - Scheme Procedure: assoc-ref alist key Behaves like `assq-ref' but uses `equal?' for key comparison. assq-set! - Scheme Procedure: assq-set! alist key val Reassociate KEY in ALIST with VAL: find any existing ALIST entry for KEY and associate it with the new VAL. If ALIST does not contain an entry for KEY, add a new one. Return the (possibly new) alist. These functions do not attempt to verify the structure of ALIST, and so may cause unusual results if passed an object that is not an association list. assv-set! - Scheme Procedure: assv-set! alist key val Behaves like `assq-set!' but uses `eqv?' for key comparison. assoc-set! - Scheme Procedure: assoc-set! alist key val Behaves like `assq-set!' but uses `equal?' for key comparison. assq-remove! - Scheme Procedure: assq-remove! alist key Delete the first entry in ALIST associated with KEY, and return the resulting alist. assv-remove! - Scheme Procedure: assv-remove! alist key Behaves like `assq-remove!' but uses `eqv?' for key comparison. assoc-remove! - Scheme Procedure: assoc-remove! alist key Behaves like `assq-remove!' but uses `equal?' for key comparison. array-fill! - Scheme Procedure: array-fill! ra fill Store FILL in every element of array RA. The value returned is unspecified. array-copy-in-order! - Scheme Procedure: array-copy-in-order! implemented by the C function "scm_array_copy_x" array-copy! - Scheme Procedure: array-copy! src dst Copy every element from vector or array SRC to the corresponding element of DST. DST must have the same rank as SRC, and be at least as large in each dimension. The order is unspecified. array-map-in-order! - Scheme Procedure: array-map-in-order! implemented by the C function "scm_array_map_x" array-map! - Scheme Procedure: array-map! ra0 proc . lra ARRAY1, ... must have the same number of dimensions as RA0 and have a range for each index which includes the range for the corresponding index in RA0. PROC is applied to each tuple of elements of ARRAY1, ... and the result is stored as the corresponding element in RA0. The value returned is unspecified. The order of application is unspecified. array-for-each - Scheme Procedure: array-for-each proc ra0 . lra Apply PROC to each tuple of elements of RA0 ... in row-major order. The value returned is unspecified. array-index-map! - Scheme Procedure: array-index-map! ra proc Apply PROC to the indices of each element of RA in turn, storing the result in the corresponding element. The value returned and the order of application are unspecified. One can implement ARRAY-INDEXES as (define (array-indexes array) (let ((ra (apply make-array #f (array-shape array)))) (array-index-map! ra (lambda x x)) ra)) Another example: (define (apl:index-generator n) (let ((v (make-uniform-vector n 1))) (array-index-map! v (lambda (i) i)) v)) array-equal? - Scheme Procedure: array-equal? [ra0 [ra1 . rest]] Return `#t' iff all arguments are arrays with the same shape, the same type, and have corresponding elements which are either `equal?' or `array-equal?'. This function differs from `equal?' in that all arguments must be arrays. array-slice-for-each - Scheme Procedure: array-slice-for-each frame_rank op . args Apply OP to each of the cells of rank rank(ARG)-FRAME_RANK of the arrays ARGS, in unspecified order. The first FRAME_RANK dimensions of each ARG must match. Rank-0 cells are passed as rank-0 arrays. The value returned is unspecified. For example: ;; Sort the rows of rank-2 array A. (array-slice-for-each 1 (lambda (x) (sort! x <)) a) ;; Compute the arguments of the (x y) vectors in the rows of rank-2 ;; array XYS and store them in rank-1 array ANGLES. Inside OP, ;; XY is a rank-1 (2-1) array, and ANGLE is a rank-0 (1-1) array. (array-slice-for-each 1 (lambda (xy angle) (array-set! angle (atan (array-ref xy 1) (array-ref xy 0)))) xys angles) array-slice-for-each-in-order - Scheme Procedure: array-slice-for-each-in-order frank op . a Same as array-slice-for-each, but visit the cells sequentially and in row-major order. array-rank - Scheme Procedure: array-rank array Return the number of dimensions of the array ARRAY. shared-array-root - Scheme Procedure: shared-array-root ra Return the root vector of a shared array. shared-array-offset - Scheme Procedure: shared-array-offset ra Return the root vector index of the first element in the array. shared-array-increments - Scheme Procedure: shared-array-increments ra For each dimension, return the distance between elements in the root vector. make-typed-array - Scheme Procedure: make-typed-array type fill . bounds Create and return an array of type TYPE. make-array - Scheme Procedure: make-array fill . bounds Create and return an array. make-shared-array - Scheme Procedure: make-shared-array oldra mapfunc . dims `make-shared-array' can be used to create shared subarrays of other arrays. The MAPFUNC is a function that translates coordinates in the new array into coordinates in the old array. A MAPFUNC must be linear, and its range must stay within the bounds of the old array, but it can be otherwise arbitrary. A simple example: (define fred (make-array #f 8 8)) (define freds-diagonal (make-shared-array fred (lambda (i) (list i i)) 8)) (array-set! freds-diagonal 'foo 3) (array-ref fred 3 3) ==> foo (define freds-center (make-shared-array fred (lambda (i j) (list (+ 3 i) (+ 3 j))) 2 2)) (array-ref freds-center 0 0) ==> foo array-slice - Scheme Procedure: array-slice ra . indices Return the array slice RA[INDICES ..., ...] The rank of RA must equal to the number of indices or larger. See also `array-ref', `array-cell-ref', `array-cell-set!'. `array-slice' may return a rank-0 array. For example: (array-slice #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6)) 1 1) ==> #0(5) (array-slice #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6)) 1) ==> #(4 5 6) (array-slice #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6))) ==> #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6)) (array-slice #0(5) ==> #0(5). array-cell-ref - Scheme Procedure: array-cell-ref ra . indices Return the element at the `(INDICES ...)' position in array RA, or the array slice RA[INDICES ..., ...] if the rank of RA is larger than the number of indices. See also `array-ref', `array-slice', `array-cell-set!'. `array-cell-ref' never returns a rank 0 array. For example: (array-cell-ref #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6)) 1 1) ==> 5 (array-cell-ref #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6)) 1) ==> #(4 5 6) (array-cell-ref #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6))) ==> #2((1 2 3) (4 5 6)) (array-cell-ref #0(5) ==> 5. array-cell-set! - Scheme Procedure: array-cell-set! ra b . indices Set the array slice RA[INDICES ..., ...] to B .Equivalent to `(array-copy! B (apply array-cell-ref RA INDICES))' if the number of indices is smaller than the rank of RA; otherwise equivalent to `(apply array-set! RA B INDICES)'. This function returns the modified array RA. See also `array-ref', `array-cell-ref', `array-slice'. For example: (define A (list->array 2 '((1 2 3) (4 5 6)))) (array-cell-set! A #0(99) 1 1) ==> #2((1 2 3) (4 #0(99) 6)) (array-cell-set! A 99 1 1) ==> #2((1 2 3) (4 99 6)) (array-cell-set! A #(a b c) 0) ==> #2((a b c) (4 99 6)) (array-cell-set! A #2((x y z) (9 8 7))) ==> #2((x y z) (9 8 7)) (define B (make-array 0)) (array-cell-set! B 15) ==> #0(15) transpose-array - Scheme Procedure: transpose-array ra . args Return an array sharing contents with RA, but with dimensions arranged in a different order. There must be one DIM argument for each dimension of RA. DIM0, DIM1, ... should be integers between 0 and the rank of the array to be returned. Each integer in that range must appear at least once in the argument list. The values of DIM0, DIM1, ... correspond to dimensions in the array to be returned, their positions in the argument list to dimensions of RA. Several DIMs may have the same value, in which case the returned array will have smaller rank than RA. (transpose-array '#2((a b) (c d)) 1 0) ==> #2((a c) (b d)) (transpose-array '#2((a b) (c d)) 0 0) ==> #1(a d) (transpose-array '#3(((a b c) (d e f)) ((1 2 3) (4 5 6))) 1 1 0) ==> #2((a 4) (b 5) (c 6)) array-contents - Scheme Procedure: array-contents ra [strict] If RA may be "unrolled" into a one dimensional shared array without changing their order (last subscript changing fastest), then `array-contents' returns that shared array, otherwise it returns `#f'. All arrays made by `make-array' and `make-uniform-array' may be unrolled, some arrays made by `make-shared-array' may not be. If the optional argument STRICT is provided, a shared array will be returned only if its elements are stored contiguously in memory. list->typed-array - Scheme Procedure: list->typed-array type shape lst Return an array of the type TYPE with elements the same as those of LST. The argument SHAPE determines the number of dimensions of the array and their shape. It is either an exact integer, giving the number of dimensions directly, or a list whose length specifies the number of dimensions and each element specified the lower and optionally the upper bound of the corresponding dimension. When the element is list of two elements, these elements give the lower and upper bounds. When it is an exact integer, it gives only the lower bound. list->array - Scheme Procedure: list->array ndim lst Return an array with elements the same as those of LST. system-async-mark - Scheme Procedure: system-async-mark proc [thread] Mark PROC (a procedure with zero arguments) for future execution in THREAD. If PROC has already been marked for THREAD but has not been executed yet, this call has no effect. If THREAD is omitted, the thread that called `system-async-mark' is used. This procedure is not safe to be called from C signal handlers. Use `scm_sigaction' or `scm_sigaction_for_thread' to install signal handlers. noop - Scheme Procedure: noop . args Do nothing. When called without arguments, return `#f', otherwise return the first argument. call-with-blocked-asyncs - Scheme Procedure: call-with-blocked-asyncs proc Call PROC with no arguments and block the execution of system asyncs by one level for the current thread while it is running. Return the value returned by PROC. call-with-unblocked-asyncs - Scheme Procedure: call-with-unblocked-asyncs proc Call PROC with no arguments and unblock the execution of system asyncs by one level for the current thread while it is running. Return the value returned by PROC. make-atomic-box - Scheme Procedure: make-atomic-box init Return an atomic box initialized to value INIT. atomic-box? - Scheme Procedure: atomic-box? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is an atomic-box object, else return `#f'. atomic-box-ref - Scheme Procedure: atomic-box-ref box Fetch the value stored in the atomic box BOX and return it. atomic-box-set! - Scheme Procedure: atomic-box-set! box val Store VAL into the atomic box BOX. atomic-box-swap! - Scheme Procedure: atomic-box-swap! box val Store VAL into the atomic box BOX, and return the value that was previously stored in the box. atomic-box-compare-and-swap! - Scheme Procedure: atomic-box-compare-and-swap! box expected desired If the value of the atomic box BOX is the same as, EXPECTED (in the sense of `eq?'), replace the contents of the box with DESIRED. Otherwise does not update the box. Returns the previous value of the box in either case, so you can know if the swap worked by checking if the return value is `eq?' to EXPECTED. display-error - Scheme Procedure: display-error frame port subr message args rest Display an error message to the output port PORT. FRAME is the frame in which the error occurred, SUBR is the name of the procedure in which the error occurred and MESSAGE is the actual error message, which may contain formatting instructions. These will format the arguments in the list ARGS accordingly. REST is currently ignored. display-application - Scheme Procedure: display-application frame [port [indent]] Display a procedure application FRAME to the output port PORT. INDENT specifies the indentation of the output. display-backtrace - Scheme Procedure: display-backtrace stack port [first [depth [highlights]]] Display a backtrace to the output port PORT. STACK is the stack to take the backtrace from, FIRST specifies where in the stack to start and DEPTH how many frames to display. FIRST and DEPTH can be `#f', which means that default values will be used. If HIGHLIGHTS is given it should be a list; the elements of this list will be highlighted wherever they appear in the backtrace. backtrace - Scheme Procedure: backtrace [highlights] Display a backtrace of the current stack to the current output port. If HIGHLIGHTS is given, it should be a list; the elements of this list will be highlighted wherever they appear in the backtrace. not - Scheme Procedure: not x Return `#t' iff X is false, else return `#f'. nil? - Scheme Procedure: nil? x Return `#t' if X would be interpreted as `nil' by Emacs Lisp code, else return `#f'. (nil? #nil) ==> #t (nil? #f) ==> #t (nil? '()) ==> #t (nil? 3) ==> #f boolean? - Scheme Procedure: boolean? obj Return `#t' iff OBJ is `#t' or false. bitvector? - Scheme Procedure: bitvector? obj Return `#t' when OBJ is a bitvector, else return `#f'. make-bitvector - Scheme Procedure: make-bitvector len [fill] Create a new bitvector of length LEN and optionally initialize all elements to FILL. bitvector - Scheme Procedure: bitvector . bits Create a new bitvector with the arguments as elements. bitvector-length - Scheme Procedure: bitvector-length vec Return the length of the bitvector VEC. bitvector-ref - Scheme Procedure: bitvector-ref vec idx Return the element at index IDX of the bitvector VEC. bitvector-set! - Scheme Procedure: bitvector-set! vec idx val Set the element at index IDX of the bitvector VEC when VAL is true, else clear it. bitvector-fill! - Scheme Procedure: bitvector-fill! vec val Set all elements of the bitvector VEC when VAL is true, else clear them. list->bitvector - Scheme Procedure: list->bitvector list Return a new bitvector initialized with the elements of LIST. bitvector->list - Scheme Procedure: bitvector->list vec Return a new list initialized with the elements of the bitvector VEC. bit-count - Scheme Procedure: bit-count b bitvector Return the number of occurrences of the boolean B in BITVECTOR. bit-position - Scheme Procedure: bit-position item v k Return the index of the first occurrence of ITEM in bit vector V, starting from K. If there is no ITEM entry between K and the end of V, then return `#f'. For example, (bit-position #t #*000101 0) ==> 3 (bit-position #f #*0001111 3) ==> #f bit-set*! - Scheme Procedure: bit-set*! v kv obj Set entries of bit vector V to OBJ, with KV selecting the entries to change. The return value is unspecified. If KV is a bit vector, then those entries where it has `#t' are the ones in V which are set to OBJ. V must be at least as long as KV. When OBJ is `#t' it's like KV is OR'ed into V. Or when OBJ is `#f' it can be seen as an ANDNOT. (define bv #*01000010) (bit-set*! bv #*10010001 #t) bv ==> #*11010011 If KV is a u32vector, then its elements are indices into V which are set to OBJ. (define bv #*01000010) (bit-set*! bv #u32(5 2 7) #t) bv ==> #*01100111 bit-count* - Scheme Procedure: bit-count* v kv obj Return a count of how many entries in bit vector V are equal to OBJ, with KV selecting the entries to consider. If KV is a bit vector, then those entries where it has `#t' are the ones in V which are considered. KV and V must be the same length. If KV is a u32vector, then it contains the indexes in V to consider. For example, (bit-count* #*01110111 #*11001101 #t) ==> 3 (bit-count* #*01110111 #u32(7 0 4) #f) ==> 2 bit-invert! - Scheme Procedure: bit-invert! v Modify the bit vector V by replacing each element with its negation. native-endianness - Scheme Procedure: native-endianness Return a symbol denoting the machine's native endianness. bytevector? - Scheme Procedure: bytevector? obj Return true if OBJ is a bytevector. make-bytevector - Scheme Procedure: make-bytevector len [fill] Return a newly allocated bytevector of LEN bytes, optionally filled with FILL. bytevector-length - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-length bv Return the length (in bytes) of BV. bytevector=? - Scheme Procedure: bytevector=? bv1 bv2 Return is BV1 equals to BV2---i.e., if they have the same length and contents. bytevector-fill! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-fill! bv fill Fill bytevector BV with FILL, a byte. bytevector-copy! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-copy! source source_start target target_start len Copy LEN bytes from SOURCE into TARGET, starting reading from SOURCE_START (a positive index within SOURCE) and start writing at TARGET_START. bytevector-copy - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-copy bv Return a newly allocated copy of BV. uniform-array->bytevector - Scheme Procedure: uniform-array->bytevector array Return a newly allocated bytevector whose contents will be copied from the uniform array ARRAY. bytevector-u8-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u8-ref bv index Return the octet located at INDEX in BV. bytevector-s8-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s8-ref bv index Return the byte located at INDEX in BV. bytevector-u8-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u8-set! bv index value Return the octet located at INDEX in BV. bytevector-s8-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s8-set! bv index value Return the octet located at INDEX in BV. bytevector->u8-list - Scheme Procedure: bytevector->u8-list bv Return a newly allocated list of octets containing the contents of BV. u8-list->bytevector - Scheme Procedure: u8-list->bytevector lst Turn LST, a list of octets, into a bytevector. bytevector-uint-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-uint-ref bv index endianness size Return the SIZE-octet long unsigned integer at index INDEX in BV. bytevector-sint-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-sint-ref bv index endianness size Return the SIZE-octet long unsigned integer at index INDEX in BV. bytevector-uint-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-uint-set! bv index value endianness size Set the SIZE-octet long unsigned integer at INDEX to VALUE. bytevector-sint-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-sint-set! bv index value endianness size Set the SIZE-octet long signed integer at INDEX to VALUE. bytevector->sint-list - Scheme Procedure: bytevector->sint-list bv endianness size Return a list of signed integers of SIZE octets representing the contents of BV. bytevector->uint-list - Scheme Procedure: bytevector->uint-list bv endianness size Return a list of unsigned integers of SIZE octets representing the contents of BV. uint-list->bytevector - Scheme Procedure: uint-list->bytevector lst endianness size Return a bytevector containing the unsigned integers listed in LST and encoded on SIZE octets according to ENDIANNESS. sint-list->bytevector - Scheme Procedure: sint-list->bytevector lst endianness size Return a bytevector containing the signed integers listed in LST and encoded on SIZE octets according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-u16-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u16-ref bv index endianness Return the unsigned 16-bit integer from BV at INDEX. bytevector-s16-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s16-ref bv index endianness Return the signed 16-bit integer from BV at INDEX. bytevector-u16-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u16-native-ref bv index Return the unsigned 16-bit integer from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-s16-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s16-native-ref bv index Return the unsigned 16-bit integer from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-u16-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u16-set! bv index value endianness Store VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-s16-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s16-set! bv index value endianness Store VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-u16-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u16-native-set! bv index value Store the unsigned integer VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-s16-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s16-native-set! bv index value Store the signed integer VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-u32-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u32-ref bv index endianness Return the unsigned 32-bit integer from BV at INDEX. bytevector-s32-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s32-ref bv index endianness Return the signed 32-bit integer from BV at INDEX. bytevector-u32-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u32-native-ref bv index Return the unsigned 32-bit integer from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-s32-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s32-native-ref bv index Return the unsigned 32-bit integer from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-u32-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u32-set! bv index value endianness Store VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-s32-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s32-set! bv index value endianness Store VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-u32-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u32-native-set! bv index value Store the unsigned integer VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-s32-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s32-native-set! bv index value Store the signed integer VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-u64-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u64-ref bv index endianness Return the unsigned 64-bit integer from BV at INDEX. bytevector-s64-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s64-ref bv index endianness Return the signed 64-bit integer from BV at INDEX. bytevector-u64-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u64-native-ref bv index Return the unsigned 64-bit integer from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-s64-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s64-native-ref bv index Return the unsigned 64-bit integer from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-u64-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u64-set! bv index value endianness Store VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-s64-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s64-set! bv index value endianness Store VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-u64-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-u64-native-set! bv index value Store the unsigned integer VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-s64-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-s64-native-set! bv index value Store the signed integer VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-ieee-single-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-single-ref bv index endianness Return the IEEE-754 single from BV at INDEX. bytevector-ieee-single-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-single-native-ref bv index Return the IEEE-754 single from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-ieee-single-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-single-set! bv index value endianness Store real VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-ieee-single-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-single-native-set! bv index value Store the real VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. bytevector-ieee-double-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-double-ref bv index endianness Return the IEEE-754 double from BV at INDEX. bytevector-ieee-double-native-ref - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-double-native-ref bv index Return the IEEE-754 double from BV at INDEX using the native endianness. bytevector-ieee-double-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-double-set! bv index value endianness Store real VALUE in BV at INDEX according to ENDIANNESS. bytevector-ieee-double-native-set! - Scheme Procedure: bytevector-ieee-double-native-set! bv index value Store the real VALUE at index INDEX of BV using the native endianness. string->utf8 - Scheme Procedure: string->utf8 str Return a newly allocated bytevector that contains the UTF-8 encoding of STR. string->utf16 - Scheme Procedure: string->utf16 str [endianness] Return a newly allocated bytevector that contains the UTF-16 encoding of STR. string->utf32 - Scheme Procedure: string->utf32 str [endianness] Return a newly allocated bytevector that contains the UTF-32 encoding of STR. utf8->string - Scheme Procedure: utf8->string utf Return a newly allocate string that contains from the UTF-8-encoded contents of bytevector UTF. utf16->string - Scheme Procedure: utf16->string utf [endianness] Return a newly allocate string that contains from the UTF-16-encoded contents of bytevector UTF. utf32->string - Scheme Procedure: utf32->string utf [endianness] Return a newly allocate string that contains from the UTF-32-encoded contents of bytevector UTF. char? - Scheme Procedure: char? x Return `#t' iff X is a character, else `#f'. char=? - Scheme Procedure: char=? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the Unicode code point of X is equal to the code point of Y, else `#f'. char<? - Scheme Procedure: char<? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' iff the code point of X is less than the code point of Y, else `#f'. char<=? - Scheme Procedure: char<=? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the Unicode code point of X is less than or equal to the code point of Y, else `#f'. char>? - Scheme Procedure: char>? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the Unicode code point of X is greater than the code point of Y, else `#f'. char>=? - Scheme Procedure: char>=? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the Unicode code point of X is greater than or equal to the code point of Y, else `#f'. char-ci=? - Scheme Procedure: char-ci=? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the case-folded Unicode code point of X is the same as the case-folded code point of Y, else `#f'. char-ci<? - Scheme Procedure: char-ci<? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the case-folded Unicode code point of X is less than the case-folded code point of Y, else `#f'. char-ci<=? - Scheme Procedure: char-ci<=? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' iff the case-folded Unicode code point of X is less than or equal to the case-folded code point of Y, else `#f' char-ci>? - Scheme Procedure: char-ci>? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' iff the case-folded code point of X is greater than the case-folded code point of Y, else `#f'. char-ci>=? - Scheme Procedure: char-ci>=? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' iff the case-folded Unicode code point of X is greater than or equal to the case-folded code point of Y, else `#f'. char-alphabetic? - Scheme Procedure: char-alphabetic? chr Return `#t' iff CHR is alphabetic, else `#f'. char-numeric? - Scheme Procedure: char-numeric? chr Return `#t' iff CHR is numeric, else `#f'. char-whitespace? - Scheme Procedure: char-whitespace? chr Return `#t' iff CHR is whitespace, else `#f'. char-upper-case? - Scheme Procedure: char-upper-case? chr Return `#t' iff CHR is uppercase, else `#f'. char-lower-case? - Scheme Procedure: char-lower-case? chr Return `#t' iff CHR is lowercase, else `#f'. char-is-both? - Scheme Procedure: char-is-both? chr Return `#t' iff CHR is either uppercase or lowercase, else `#f'. char->integer - Scheme Procedure: char->integer chr Return the Unicode code point of CHR. integer->char - Scheme Procedure: integer->char n Return the character that has Unicode code point N. The integer N must be a valid code point. Valid code points are in the ranges 0 to `#xD7FF' inclusive or `#xE000' to `#x10FFFF' inclusive. char-upcase - Scheme Procedure: char-upcase chr Return the uppercase character version of CHR. char-downcase - Scheme Procedure: char-downcase chr Return the lowercase character version of CHR. char-titlecase - Scheme Procedure: char-titlecase chr Return the titlecase character version of CHR. char-general-category - Scheme Procedure: char-general-category chr Return a symbol representing the Unicode general category of CHR or `#f' if a named category cannot be found. abort-to-prompt* - Scheme Procedure: abort-to-prompt* tag args Abort to the nearest prompt with tag TAG, yielding the values in the list, ARGS. with-continuation-barrier - Scheme Procedure: with-continuation-barrier proc Call PROC and return its result. Do not allow the invocation of continuations that would leave or enter the dynamic extent of the call to `with-continuation-barrier'. Such an attempt causes an error to be signaled. Throws (such as errors) that are not caught from within PROC are caught by `with-continuation-barrier'. In that case, a short message is printed to the current error port and `#f' is returned. Thus, `with-continuation-barrier' returns exactly once. debug-options-interface - Scheme Procedure: debug-options-interface [setting] Option interface for the debug options. Instead of using this procedure directly, use the procedures `debug-enable', `debug-disable', `debug-set!' and `debug-options'. make-arbiter - Scheme Procedure: make-arbiter name Return an arbiter object, initially unlocked. Currently NAME is only used for diagnostic output. try-arbiter - Scheme Procedure: try-arbiter arb If ARB is unlocked, then lock it and return `#t'. If ARB is already locked, then do nothing and return `#f'. release-arbiter - Scheme Procedure: release-arbiter arb If ARB is locked, then unlock it and return `#t'. If ARB is already unlocked, then do nothing and return `#f'. Typical usage is for the thread which locked an arbiter to later release it, but that's not required, any thread can release it. async - Scheme Procedure: async thunk Create a new async for the procedure THUNK. async-mark - Scheme Procedure: async-mark a Mark the async A for future execution. run-asyncs - Scheme Procedure: run-asyncs list_of_a Execute all thunks from the asyncs of the list LIST_OF_A. call-with-dynamic-root - Scheme Procedure: call-with-dynamic-root thunk handler Call THUNK with a new dynamic state and within a continuation barrier. The HANDLER catches all otherwise uncaught throws and executes within the same dynamic context as THUNK. dynamic-root - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-root Return an object representing the current dynamic root. These objects are only useful for comparison using `eq?'. make-struct - Scheme Procedure: make-struct vtable tail_array_size . init Create a new structure. VTABLE must be a vtable structure (see Vtables). TAIL_ARRAY_SIZE must be a non-negative integer. If the layout specification indicated by VTABLE includes a tail-array, this is the number of elements allocated to that array. The INIT1, ... are optional arguments describing how successive fields of the structure should be initialized. Only fields with protection 'r' or 'w' can be initialized, except for fields of type 's', which are automatically initialized to point to the new structure itself. Fields with protection 'o' can not be initialized by Scheme programs. If fewer optional arguments than initializable fields are supplied, fields of type 'p' get default value #f while fields of type 'u' are initialized to 0. issue-deprecation-warning - Scheme Procedure: issue-deprecation-warning . msgs Output MSGS to `(current-error-port)' when this is the first call to `issue-deprecation-warning' with this specific MSGS. Do nothing otherwise. The argument MSGS should be a list of strings; they are printed in turn, each one followed by a newline. include-deprecated-features - Scheme Procedure: include-deprecated-features Return `#t' iff deprecated features should be included in public interfaces. dynamic-link - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-link [filename] Find the shared object (shared library) denoted by FILENAME and link it into the running Guile application. The returned scheme object is a ``handle'' for the library which can be passed to `dynamic-func', `dynamic-call' etc. Searching for object files is system dependent. Normally, if FILENAME does have an explicit directory it will be searched for in locations such as `/usr/lib' and `/usr/local/lib'. When FILENAME is omitted, a "global symbol handle" is returned. This handle provides access to the symbols available to the program at run-time, including those exported by the program itself and the shared libraries already loaded. dynamic-object? - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-object? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a dynamic object handle, or `#f' otherwise. dynamic-unlink - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-unlink dobj Unlink a dynamic object from the application, if possible. The object must have been linked by `dynamic-link', with DOBJ the corresponding handle. After this procedure is called, the handle can no longer be used to access the object. dynamic-pointer - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-pointer name dobj Return a ``wrapped pointer'' to the symbol NAME in the shared object referred to by DOBJ. The returned pointer points to a C object. Regardless whether your C compiler prepends an underscore `_' to the global names in a program, you should *not* include this underscore in NAME since it will be added automatically when necessary. dynamic-func - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-func name dobj Return a ``handle'' for the function NAME in the shared object referred to by DOBJ. The handle can be passed to `dynamic-call' to actually call the function. Regardless whether your C compiler prepends an underscore `_' to the global names in a program, you should *not* include this underscore in NAME since it will be added automatically when necessary. dynamic-call - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-call func dobj Call a C function in a dynamic object. Two styles of invocation are supported: * FUNC can be a function handle returned by `dynamic-func'. In this case DOBJ is ignored * FUNC can be a string with the name of the function to call, with DOBJ the handle of the dynamic object in which to find the function. This is equivalent to (dynamic-call (dynamic-func FUNC DOBJ) #f) In either case, the function is passed no arguments and its return value is ignored. eq? - Scheme Procedure: eq? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if X and Y are the same object, except for numbers and characters. For example, (define x (vector 1 2 3)) (define y (vector 1 2 3)) (eq? x x) ==> #t (eq? x y) ==> #f Numbers and characters are not equal to any other object, but the problem is they're not necessarily `eq?' to themselves either. This is even so when the number comes directly from a variable, (let ((n (+ 2 3))) (eq? n n)) ==> *unspecified* Generally `eqv?' should be used when comparing numbers or characters. `=' or `char=?' can be used too. It's worth noting that end-of-list `()', `#t', `#f', a symbol of a given name, and a keyword of a given name, are unique objects. There's just one of each, so for instance no matter how `()' arises in a program, it's the same object and can be compared with `eq?', (define x (cdr '(123))) (define y (cdr '(456))) (eq? x y) ==> #t (define x (string->symbol "foo")) (eq? x 'foo) ==> #t eqv? - Scheme Procedure: eqv? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if X and Y are the same object, or for characters and numbers the same value. On objects except characters and numbers, `eqv?' is the same as `eq?', it's true if X and Y are the same object. If X and Y are numbers or characters, `eqv?' compares their type and value. An exact number is not `eqv?' to an inexact number (even if their value is the same). (eqv? 3 (+ 1 2)) ==> #t (eqv? 1 1.0) ==> #f equal? - Scheme Procedure: equal? [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if X and Y are the same type, and their contents or value are equal. For a pair, string, vector or array, `equal?' compares the contents, and does so using using the same `equal?' recursively, so a deep structure can be traversed. (equal? (list 1 2 3) (list 1 2 3)) ==> #t (equal? (list 1 2 3) (vector 1 2 3)) ==> #f For other objects, `equal?' compares as per `eqv?', which means characters and numbers are compared by type and value (and like `eqv?', exact and inexact numbers are not `equal?', even if their value is the same). (equal? 3 (+ 1 2)) ==> #t (equal? 1 1.0) ==> #f Hash tables are currently only compared as per `eq?', so two different tables are not `equal?', even if their contents are the same. `equal?' does not support circular data structures, it may go into an infinite loop if asked to compare two circular lists or similar. New application-defined object types (Smobs) have an `equalp' handler which is called by `equal?'. This lets an application traverse the contents or control what is considered `equal?' for two such objects. If there's no handler, the default is to just compare as per `eq?'. scm-error - Scheme Procedure: scm-error key subr message args data Raise an error with key KEY. SUBR can be a string naming the procedure associated with the error, or `#f'. MESSAGE is the error message string, possibly containing `~S' and `~A' escapes. When an error is reported, these are replaced by formatting the corresponding members of ARGS: `~A' (was `%s' in older versions of Guile) formats using `display' and `~S' (was `%S') formats using `write'. DATA is a list or `#f' depending on KEY: if KEY is `system-error' then it should be a list containing the Unix `errno' value; If KEY is `signal' then it should be a list containing the Unix signal number; If KEY is `out-of-range', `wrong-type-arg', or `keyword-argument-error', it is a list containing the bad value; otherwise it will usually be `#f'. strerror - Scheme Procedure: strerror err Return the Unix error message corresponding to ERR, which must be an integer value. eval - Scheme Procedure: eval exp module_or_state Evaluate EXP, a list representing a Scheme expression, in the top-level environment specified by MODULE_OR_STATE. While EXP is evaluated (using `primitive-eval'), MODULE_OR_STATE is made the current module when it is a module, or the current dynamic state when it is a dynamic state.Example: (eval '(+ 1 2) (interaction-environment)) defined? - Scheme Procedure: defined? sym [module] Return `#t' if SYM is defined in the module MODULE or the current module when MODULE is notspecified. self-evaluating? - Scheme Procedure: self-evaluating? obj Return #t for objects which Guile considers self-evaluating macroexpand - Scheme Procedure: macroexpand exp Expand the expression EXP. macroexpanded? - Scheme Procedure: macroexpanded? exp Return `#t' if EXP is an expanded expression. load-extension - Scheme Procedure: load-extension lib init Load and initialize the extension designated by LIB and INIT. When there is no pre-registered function for LIB/INIT, this is equivalent to (dynamic-call INIT (dynamic-link LIB)) When there is a pre-registered function, that function is called instead. Normally, there is no pre-registered function. This option exists only for situations where dynamic linking is unavailable or unwanted. In that case, you would statically link your program with the desired library, and register its init function right after Guile has been initialized. LIB should be a string denoting a shared library without any file type suffix such as ".so". The suffix is provided automatically. It should also not contain any directory components. Libraries that implement Guile Extensions should be put into the normal locations for shared libraries. We recommend to use the naming convention libguile-bla-blum for a extension related to a module `(bla blum)'. The normal way for a extension to be used is to write a small Scheme file that defines a module, and to load the extension into this module. When the module is auto-loaded, the extension is loaded as well. For example, (define-module (bla blum)) (load-extension "libguile-bla-blum" "bla_init_blum") add-fdes-finalizer! - Scheme Procedure: add-fdes-finalizer! fd finalizer Add a finalizer that will be called when FD is closed. remove-fdes-finalizer! - Scheme Procedure: remove-fdes-finalizer! fd finalizer Remove a finalizer that was previously added to the file descriptor FD. program-arguments - Scheme Procedure: program-arguments Return the list of command line arguments passed to Guile, as a list of strings. The list includes the invoked program name, which is usually `"guile"', but excludes switches and parameters for command line options like `-e' and `-l'. set-program-arguments - Scheme Procedure: set-program-arguments lst Set the command line arguments to be returned by `program-arguments' (and `command-line'). LST should be a list of strings, the first of which is the program name (either a script name, or just `"guile"'). Program arguments are held in a fluid and therefore have a separate value in each Guile thread. Neither the list nor the strings within it are copied, so should not be modified later. chown - Scheme Procedure: chown object owner group Change the ownership and group of the file referred to by OBJECT to the integer values OWNER and GROUP. OBJECT can be a string containing a file name or, if the platform supports fchown, a port or integer file descriptor which is open on the file. The return value is unspecified. If OBJECT is a symbolic link, either the ownership of the link or the ownership of the referenced file will be changed depending on the operating system (lchown is unsupported at present). If OWNER or GROUP is specified as `-1', then that ID is not changed. open-fdes - Scheme Procedure: open-fdes path flags [mode] Similar to `open' but return a file descriptor instead of a port. open - Scheme Procedure: open path flags [mode] Open the file named by PATH for reading and/or writing. FLAGS is an integer specifying how the file should be opened. MODE is an integer specifying the permission bits of the file, if it needs to be created, before the umask is applied. The default is 666 (Unix itself has no default). FLAGS can be constructed by combining variables using `logior'. Basic flags are: - Variable: O_RDONLY Open the file read-only. - Variable: O_WRONLY Open the file write-only. - Variable: O_RDWR Open the file read/write. - Variable: O_APPEND Append to the file instead of truncating. - Variable: O_CREAT Create the file if it does not already exist. See the Unix documentation of the `open' system call for additional flags. close - Scheme Procedure: close fd_or_port Similar to close-port (see close-port), but also works on file descriptors. A side effect of closing a file descriptor is that any ports using that file descriptor are moved to a different file descriptor and have their revealed counts set to zero. close-fdes - Scheme Procedure: close-fdes fd A simple wrapper for the `close' system call. Close file descriptor FD, which must be an integer. Unlike close (see close), the file descriptor will be closed even if a port is using it. The return value is unspecified. stat - Scheme Procedure: stat object [exception_on_error] Return an object containing various information about the file determined by OBJECT. OBJECT can be a string containing a file name or a port or integer file descriptor which is open on a file (in which case `fstat' is used as the underlying system call). If the optional EXCEPTION_ON_ERROR argument is true, which is the default, an exception will be raised if the underlying system call returns an error, for example if the file is not found or is not readable. Otherwise, an error will cause `stat' to return `#f'. The object returned by a successful call to `stat' can be passed as a single parameter to the following procedures, all of which return integers: stat:dev The device containing the file. stat:ino The file serial number, which distinguishes this file from all other files on the same device. stat:mode The mode of the file. This includes file type information and the file permission bits. See `stat:type' and `stat:perms' below. stat:nlink The number of hard links to the file. stat:uid The user ID of the file's owner. stat:gid The group ID of the file. stat:rdev Device ID; this entry is defined only for character or block special files. stat:size The size of a regular file in bytes. stat:atime The last access time for the file. stat:mtime The last modification time for the file. stat:ctime The last modification time for the attributes of the file. stat:blksize The optimal block size for reading or writing the file, in bytes. stat:blocks The amount of disk space that the file occupies measured in units of 512 byte blocks. In addition, the following procedures return the information from stat:mode in a more convenient form: stat:type A symbol representing the type of file. Possible values are regular, directory, symlink, block-special, char-special, fifo, socket and unknown stat:perms An integer representing the access permission bits. lstat - Scheme Procedure: lstat str Similar to `stat', but does not follow symbolic links, i.e., it will return information about a symbolic link itself, not the file it points to. STR must be a string. link - Scheme Procedure: link oldpath newpath Creates a new name NEWPATH in the file system for the file named by OLDPATH. If OLDPATH is a symbolic link, the link may or may not be followed depending on the system. chdir - Scheme Procedure: chdir str Change the current working directory to STR. The return value is unspecified. select - Scheme Procedure: select reads writes excepts [secs [usecs]] This procedure has a variety of uses: waiting for the ability to provide input, accept output, or the existence of exceptional conditions on a collection of ports or file descriptors, or waiting for a timeout to occur. When an error occurs, this procedure throws a `system-error' exception (see `system-error'). READS, WRITES and EXCEPTS can be lists or vectors, with each member a port or a file descriptor. The value returned is a list of three corresponding lists or vectors containing only the members which meet the specified requirement. The ability of port buffers to provide input or accept output is taken into account. Ordering of the input lists or vectors is not preserved. The optional arguments SECS and USECS specify the timeout. Either SECS can be specified alone, as either an integer or a real number, or both SECS and USECS can be specified as integers, in which case USECS is an additional timeout expressed in microseconds. If SECS is omitted or is `#f' then select will wait for as long as it takes for one of the other conditions to be satisfied. The scsh version of `select' differs as follows: Only vectors are accepted for the first three arguments. The USECS argument is not supported. Multiple values are returned instead of a list. Duplicates in the input vectors appear only once in output. An additional `select!' interface is provided. fcntl - Scheme Procedure: fcntl object cmd [value] Apply CMD to the specified file descriptor or the underlying file descriptor of the specified port. VALUE is an optional integer argument. Values for CMD are: F_DUPFD Duplicate a file descriptor F_GETFD Get flags associated with the file descriptor. F_SETFD Set flags associated with the file descriptor to VALUE. F_GETFL Get flags associated with the open file. F_SETFL Set flags associated with the open file to VALUE F_GETOWN Get the process ID of a socket's owner, for `SIGIO' signals. F_SETOWN Set the process that owns a socket to VALUE, for `SIGIO' signals. FD_CLOEXEC The value used to indicate the "close on exec" flag with `F_GETFL' or `F_SETFL'. fsync - Scheme Procedure: fsync object Copies any unwritten data for the specified output file descriptor to disk. If OBJECT is a port, its buffer is flushed before the underlying file descriptor is fsync'd. The return value is unspecified. symlink - Scheme Procedure: symlink oldpath newpath Create a symbolic link named NEWPATH with the value (i.e., pointing to) OLDPATH. The return value is unspecified. readlink - Scheme Procedure: readlink path Return the value of the symbolic link named by PATH (a string), i.e., the file that the link points to. copy-file - Scheme Procedure: copy-file oldfile newfile Copy the file specified by OLDFILE to NEWFILE. The return value is unspecified. sendfile - Scheme Procedure: sendfile out in count [offset] Send COUNT bytes from IN to OUT, both of which must be either open file ports or file descriptors. When OFFSET is omitted, start reading from IN's current position; otherwise, start reading at OFFSET. Return the number of bytes actually sent. getcwd - Scheme Procedure: getcwd Return the name of the current working directory. mkdir - Scheme Procedure: mkdir path [mode] Create a new directory named by PATH. If MODE is omitted then the permissions of the directory are set to `#o777' masked with the current umask (see `umask'). Otherwise they are set to the value specified with MODE. The return value is unspecified. rmdir - Scheme Procedure: rmdir path Remove the existing directory named by PATH. The directory must be empty for this to succeed. The return value is unspecified. rename-file - Scheme Procedure: rename-file oldname newname Renames the file specified by OLDNAME to NEWNAME. The return value is unspecified. delete-file - Scheme Procedure: delete-file str Deletes (or "unlinks") the file specified by STR. access? - Scheme Procedure: access? path how Test accessibility of a file under the real UID and GID of the calling process. The return is `#t' if PATH exists and the permissions requested by HOW are all allowed, or `#f' if not. HOW is an integer which is one of the following values, or a bitwise-OR (`logior') of multiple values. - Variable: R_OK Test for read permission. - Variable: W_OK Test for write permission. - Variable: X_OK Test for execute permission. - Variable: F_OK Test for existence of the file. This is implied by each of the other tests, so there's no need to combine it with them. It's important to note that `access?' does not simply indicate what will happen on attempting to read or write a file. In normal circumstances it does, but in a set-UID or set-GID program it doesn't because `access?' tests the real ID, whereas an open or execute attempt uses the effective ID. A program which will never run set-UID/GID can ignore the difference between real and effective IDs, but for maximum generality, especially in library functions, it's best not to use `access?' to predict the result of an open or execute, instead simply attempt that and catch any exception. The main use for `access?' is to let a set-UID/GID program determine what the invoking user would have been allowed to do, without the greater (or perhaps lesser) privileges afforded by the effective ID. For more on this, see ``Testing File Access'' in The GNU C Library Reference Manual. chmod - Scheme Procedure: chmod object mode Changes the permissions of the file referred to by OBJECT. OBJECT can be a string containing a file name or a port or integer file descriptor which is open on a file (in which case `fchmod' is used as the underlying system call). MODE specifies the new permissions as a decimal number, e.g., `(chmod "foo" #o755)'. The return value is unspecified. umask - Scheme Procedure: umask [mode] If MODE is omitted, returns a decimal number representing the current file creation mask. Otherwise the file creation mask is set to MODE and the previous value is returned. E.g., `(umask #o022)' sets the mask to octal 22, decimal 18. mkstemp! - Scheme Procedure: mkstemp! tmpl [mode] Create a new unique file in the file system and return a new buffered port open for reading and writing to the file. TMPL is a string specifying where the file should be created: it must end with `XXXXXX' and those `X's will be changed in the string to return the name of the file. (`port-filename' on the port also gives the name.) POSIX doesn't specify the permissions mode of the file, on GNU and most systems it's `#o600'. An application can use `chmod' to relax that if desired. For example `#o666' less `umask', which is usual for ordinary file creation, (let ((port (mkstemp! (string-copy "/tmp/myfile-XXXXXX")))) (chmod port (logand #o666 (lognot (umask)))) ...) The optional MODE argument specifies a mode, as a string in the same format that `open-file' takes. It defaults to `"w+"'. system-file-name-convention - Scheme Procedure: system-file-name-convention Return either `posix' or `windows', depending on what kind of system this Guile is running on. dirname - Scheme Procedure: dirname filename Return the directory name component of the file name FILENAME. If FILENAME does not contain a directory component, `.' is returned. basename - Scheme Procedure: basename filename [suffix] Return the base name of the file name FILENAME. The base name is the file name without any directory components. If SUFFIX is provided, and is equal to the end of FILENAME, it is removed also. canonicalize-path - Scheme Procedure: canonicalize-path path Return the canonical path of PATH. A canonical path has no `.' or `..' components, nor any repeated path separators (`/') nor symlinks. Raises an error if any component of PATH does not exist. directory-stream? - Scheme Procedure: directory-stream? obj Return a boolean indicating whether OBJ is a directory stream as returned by `opendir'. opendir - Scheme Procedure: opendir dirname Open the directory specified by DIRNAME and return a directory stream. readdir - Scheme Procedure: readdir port Return (as a string) the next directory entry from the directory stream PORT. If there is no remaining entry to be read then the end of file object is returned. rewinddir - Scheme Procedure: rewinddir port Reset the directory port PORT so that the next call to `readdir' will return the first directory entry. closedir - Scheme Procedure: closedir port Close the directory stream PORT. The return value is unspecified. make-fluid - Scheme Procedure: make-fluid [dflt] Return a newly created fluid, whose initial value is DFLT, or `#f' if DFLT is not given. Fluids are objects that can hold one value per dynamic state. That is, modifications to this value are only visible to code that executes with the same dynamic state as the modifying code. When a new dynamic state is constructed, it inherits the values from its parent. Because each thread normally executes with its own dynamic state, you can use fluids for thread local storage. make-unbound-fluid - Scheme Procedure: make-unbound-fluid Make a fluid that is initially unbound. make-thread-local-fluid - Scheme Procedure: make-thread-local-fluid [dflt] Return a newly created fluid, whose initial value is DFLT, or `#f' if DFLT is not given. Unlike fluids made with `make-fluid', thread local fluids are not captured by `make-dynamic-state'. Similarly, a newly spawned child thread does not inherit thread-local fluid values from the parent thread. fluid? - Scheme Procedure: fluid? obj Return `#t' iff OBJ is a fluid; otherwise, return `#f'. fluid-thread-local? - Scheme Procedure: fluid-thread-local? fluid Return `#t' if the fluid FLUID is is thread local, or `#f' otherwise. fluid-ref - Scheme Procedure: fluid-ref fluid Return the value associated with FLUID in the current dynamic root. If FLUID has not been set, then return its default value. fluid-ref* - Scheme Procedure: fluid-ref* fluid depth Return the DEPTHth oldest value associated with FLUID in the current thread. If DEPTH equals or exceeds the number of values that have been assigned to FLUID, return the default value of the fluid. fluid-set! - Scheme Procedure: fluid-set! fluid value Set the value associated with FLUID in the current dynamic root. fluid-unset! - Scheme Procedure: fluid-unset! fluid Unset the value associated with FLUID. fluid-bound? - Scheme Procedure: fluid-bound? fluid Return `#t' iff FLUID is bound to a value. Throw an error if FLUID is not a fluid. with-fluids* - Scheme Procedure: with-fluids* fluids values thunk Set FLUIDS to VALUES temporary, and call THUNK. FLUIDS must be a list of fluids and VALUES must be the same number of their values to be applied. Each substitution is done one after another. THUNK must be a procedure with no argument. dynamic-state? - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-state? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a dynamic state object; return `#f' otherwise current-dynamic-state - Scheme Procedure: current-dynamic-state Return a snapshot of the current fluid-value associations as a fresh dynamic state object. set-current-dynamic-state - Scheme Procedure: set-current-dynamic-state state Set the current dynamic state object to STATE and return the previous current dynamic state object. with-dynamic-state - Scheme Procedure: with-dynamic-state state proc Call PROC while STATE is the current dynamic state object. pointer? - Scheme Procedure: pointer? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a pointer object, `#f' otherwise. make-pointer - Scheme Procedure: make-pointer address [finalizer] Return a foreign pointer object pointing to ADDRESS. If FINALIZER is passed, it should be a pointer to a one-argument C function that will be called when the pointer object becomes unreachable. pointer-address - Scheme Procedure: pointer-address pointer Return the numerical value of POINTER. pointer->scm - Scheme Procedure: pointer->scm pointer Unsafely cast POINTER to a Scheme object. Cross your fingers! scm->pointer - Scheme Procedure: scm->pointer scm Return a foreign pointer object with the `object-address' of SCM. pointer->bytevector - Scheme Procedure: pointer->bytevector pointer len [offset [uvec_type]] Return a bytevector aliasing the LEN bytes pointed to by POINTER. The user may specify an alternate default interpretation for the memory by passing the UVEC_TYPE argument, to indicate that the memory is an array of elements of that type. UVEC_TYPE should be something that `uniform-vector-element-type' would return, like `f32' or `s16'. When OFFSET is passed, it specifies the offset in bytes relative to POINTER of the memory region aliased by the returned bytevector. bytevector->pointer - Scheme Procedure: bytevector->pointer bv [offset] Return a pointer pointer aliasing the memory pointed to by BV or OFFSET bytes after BV when OFFSET is passed. set-pointer-finalizer! - Scheme Procedure: set-pointer-finalizer! pointer finalizer Arrange for the C procedure wrapped by FINALIZER to be called on the pointer wrapped by POINTER when POINTER becomes unreachable. Note: the C procedure should not call into Scheme. If you need a Scheme finalizer, use guardians. dereference-pointer - Scheme Procedure: dereference-pointer pointer Assuming POINTER points to a memory region that holds a pointer, return this pointer. string->pointer - Scheme Procedure: string->pointer string [encoding] Return a foreign pointer to a nul-terminated copy of STRING in the given ENCODING, defaulting to the current locale encoding. The C string is freed when the returned foreign pointer becomes unreachable. This is the Scheme equivalent of `scm_to_stringn'. pointer->string - Scheme Procedure: pointer->string pointer [length [encoding]] Return the string representing the C string pointed to by POINTER. If LENGTH is omitted or `-1', the string is assumed to be nul-terminated. Otherwise LENGTH is the number of bytes in memory pointed to by POINTER. The C string is assumed to be in the given ENCODING, defaulting to the current locale encoding. This is the Scheme equivalent of `scm_from_stringn'. alignof - Scheme Procedure: alignof type Return the alignment of TYPE, in bytes. TYPE should be a valid C type, like `int'. Alternately TYPE may be the symbol `*', in which case the alignment of a pointer is returned. TYPE may also be a list of types, in which case the alignment of a `struct' with ABI-conventional packing is returned. sizeof - Scheme Procedure: sizeof type Return the size of TYPE, in bytes. TYPE should be a valid C type, like `int'. Alternately TYPE may be the symbol `*', in which case the size of a pointer is returned. TYPE may also be a list of types, in which case the size of a `struct' with ABI-conventional packing is returned. pointer->procedure - Scheme Procedure: pointer->procedure return_type func_ptr arg_types . keyword_args Make a foreign function. Given the foreign void pointer FUNC_PTR, its argument and return types ARG_TYPES and RETURN_TYPE, return a procedure that will pass arguments to the foreign function and return appropriate values. ARG_TYPES should be a list of foreign types. `return_type' should be a foreign type. If the `#:return-errno?' keyword argument is provided and its value is true, then the returned procedure will return two values, with `errno' as the second value. procedure->pointer - Scheme Procedure: procedure->pointer return_type proc arg_types Return a pointer to a C function of type RETURN_TYPE taking arguments of types ARG_TYPES (a list) and behaving as a proxy to procedure PROC. Thus PROC's arity, supported argument types, and return type should match RETURN_TYPE and ARG_TYPES. file-port? - Scheme Procedure: file-port? obj Determine whether OBJ is a port that is related to a file. open-file - Scheme Procedure: open-file filename mode . keyword_args Open the file whose name is FILENAME, and return a port representing that file. The attributes of the port are determined by the MODE string. The way in which this is interpreted is similar to C stdio. The first character must be one of the following: r Open an existing file for input. w Open a file for output, creating it if it doesn't already exist or removing its contents if it does. a Open a file for output, creating it if it doesn't already exist. All writes to the port will go to the end of the file. The "append mode" can be turned off while the port is in use see fcntl The following additional characters can be appended: b Open the underlying file in binary mode, if supported by the system. Also, open the file using the binary-compatible character encoding "ISO-8859-1", ignoring the default port encoding. + Open the port for both input and output. E.g., `r+': open an existing file for both input and output. 0 Create an "unbuffered" port. In this case input and output operations are passed directly to the underlying port implementation without additional buffering. This is likely to slow down I/O operations. The buffering mode can be changed while a port is in use see setvbuf l Add line-buffering to the port. The port output buffer will be automatically flushed whenever a newline character is written. In theory we could create read/write ports which were buffered in one direction only. However this isn't included in the current interfaces. If a file cannot be opened with the access requested, `open-file' throws an exception. port-revealed - Scheme Procedure: port-revealed port Return the revealed count for PORT. set-port-revealed! - Scheme Procedure: set-port-revealed! port rcount Sets the revealed count for a port to a given value. The return value is unspecified. adjust-port-revealed! - Scheme Procedure: adjust-port-revealed! port addend Add ADDEND to the revealed count of PORT. The return value is unspecified. gc-stats - Scheme Procedure: gc-stats Return an association list of statistics about Guile's current use of storage. gc-dump - Scheme Procedure: gc-dump Dump information about the garbage collector's internal data structures and memory usage to the standard output. object-address - Scheme Procedure: object-address obj Return an integer that for the lifetime of OBJ is uniquely returned by this function for OBJ gc-disable - Scheme Procedure: gc-disable Disables the garbage collector. Nested calls are permitted. GC is re-enabled once `gc-enable' has been called the same number of times `gc-disable' was called. gc-enable - Scheme Procedure: gc-enable Enables the garbage collector. gc - Scheme Procedure: gc Scans all of SCM objects and reclaims for further use those that are no longer accessible. gettext - Scheme Procedure: gettext msgid [domain [category]] Return the translation of MSGID in the message domain DOMAIN. DOMAIN is optional and defaults to the domain set through (textdomain). CATEGORY is optional and defaults to LC_MESSAGES. ngettext - Scheme Procedure: ngettext msgid msgid_plural n [domain [category]] Return the translation of MSGID/MSGID_PLURAL in the message domain DOMAIN, with the plural form being chosen appropriately for the number N. DOMAIN is optional and defaults to the domain set through (textdomain). CATEGORY is optional and defaults to LC_MESSAGES. textdomain - Scheme Procedure: textdomain [domainname] If optional parameter DOMAINNAME is supplied, set the textdomain. Return the textdomain. bindtextdomain - Scheme Procedure: bindtextdomain domainname [directory] If optional parameter DIRECTORY is supplied, set message catalogs to directory DIRECTORY. Return the directory bound to DOMAINNAME. bind-textdomain-codeset - Scheme Procedure: bind-textdomain-codeset domainname [encoding] If optional parameter ENCODING is supplied, set encoding for message catalogs of DOMAINNAME. Return the encoding of DOMAINNAME. array? - Scheme Procedure: array? obj Return `#t' if the OBJ is an array, and `#f' if not. typed-array? - Scheme Procedure: typed-array? obj type Return `#t' if the OBJ is an array of type TYPE, and `#f' if not. array-length - Scheme Procedure: array-length array Return the length of an array: its first dimension. It is an error to ask for the length of an array of rank 0. array-dimensions - Scheme Procedure: array-dimensions ra `array-dimensions' is similar to `array-shape' but replaces elements with a `0' minimum with one greater than the maximum. So: (array-dimensions (make-array 'foo '(-1 3) 5)) ==> ((-1 3) 5) array-type - Scheme Procedure: array-type ra array-type-code - Scheme Procedure: array-type-code array Return the type of the elements in ARRAY, as an integer code. array-in-bounds? - Scheme Procedure: array-in-bounds? ra . args Return `#t' if its arguments would be acceptable to `array-ref'. array-ref - Scheme Procedure: array-ref v [idx0 [idx1 . idxN]] Return the element at the `(idx0, idx1, idxN...)' position in array V. array-set! - Scheme Procedure: array-set! v obj [idx0 [idx1 . idxN]] Set the element at the `(idx0, idx1, idxN...)' position in the array V to OBJ. The value returned by `array-set!' is unspecified. array->list - Scheme Procedure: array->list array Return a list representation of ARRAY. It is easiest to specify the behavior of this function by example: (array->list #0(a)) ==> 1 (array->list #1(a b)) ==> (a b) (array->list #2((aa ab) (ba bb)) ==> ((aa ab) (ba bb)) make-generalized-vector - Scheme Procedure: make-generalized-vector type len [fill] Make a generalized vector %make-vtable-vtable - Scheme Procedure: %make-vtable-vtable layout %init-layout! - Scheme Procedure: %init-layout! class layout class-of - Scheme Procedure: class-of x Return the class of X. instance? - Scheme Procedure: instance? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is an instance. generic-function-name - Scheme Procedure: generic-function-name obj Return the name of the generic function OBJ. %clear-fields! - Scheme Procedure: %clear-fields! obj unbound %modify-instance - Scheme Procedure: %modify-instance old new Used by change-class to modify objects in place. %modify-class - Scheme Procedure: %modify-class old new generic-capability? - Scheme Procedure: generic-capability? proc enable-primitive-generic! - Scheme Procedure: enable-primitive-generic! . subrs set-primitive-generic! - Scheme Procedure: set-primitive-generic! subr generic primitive-generic-generic - Scheme Procedure: primitive-generic-generic subr %goops-early-init - Scheme Procedure: %goops-early-init %goops-loaded - Scheme Procedure: %goops-loaded Announce that GOOPS is loaded and perform initialization on the C level which depends on the loaded GOOPS modules. make-guardian - Scheme Procedure: make-guardian Create a new guardian. A guardian protects a set of objects from garbage collection, allowing a program to apply cleanup or other actions. `make-guardian' returns a procedure representing the guardian. Calling the guardian procedure with an argument adds the argument to the guardian's set of protected objects. Calling the guardian procedure without an argument returns one of the protected objects which are ready for garbage collection, or `#f' if no such object is available. Objects which are returned in this way are removed from the guardian. You can put a single object into a guardian more than once and you can put a single object into more than one guardian. The object will then be returned multiple times by the guardian procedures. An object is eligible to be returned from a guardian when it is no longer referenced from outside any guardian. There is no guarantee about the order in which objects are returned from a guardian. If you want to impose an order on finalization actions, for example, you can do that by keeping objects alive in some global data structure until they are no longer needed for finalizing other objects. Being an element in a weak vector, a key in a hash table with weak keys, or a value in a hash table with weak value does not prevent an object from being returned by a guardian. But as long as an object can be returned from a guardian it will not be removed from such a weak vector or hash table. In other words, a weak link does not prevent an object from being considered collectable, but being inside a guardian prevents a weak link from being broken. A key in a weak key hash table can be though of as having a strong reference to its associated value as long as the key is accessible. Consequently, when the key only accessible from within a guardian, the reference from the key to the value is also considered to be coming from within a guardian. Thus, if there is no other reference to the value, it is eligible to be returned from a guardian. hashq - Scheme Procedure: hashq key size Determine a hash value for KEY that is suitable for lookups in a hashtable of size SIZE, where `eq?' is used as the equality predicate. The function returns an integer in the range 0 to SIZE - 1. Note that `hashq' may use internal addresses. Thus two calls to hashq where the keys are `eq?' are not guaranteed to deliver the same value if the key object gets garbage collected in between. This can happen, for example with symbols: `(hashq 'foo n) (gc) (hashq 'foo n)' may produce two different values, since `foo' will be garbage collected. hashv - Scheme Procedure: hashv key size Determine a hash value for KEY that is suitable for lookups in a hashtable of size SIZE, where `eqv?' is used as the equality predicate. The function returns an integer in the range 0 to SIZE - 1. Note that `(hashv key)' may use internal addresses. Thus two calls to hashv where the keys are `eqv?' are not guaranteed to deliver the same value if the key object gets garbage collected in between. This can happen, for example with symbols: `(hashv 'foo n) (gc) (hashv 'foo n)' may produce two different values, since `foo' will be garbage collected. hash - Scheme Procedure: hash key size Determine a hash value for KEY that is suitable for lookups in a hashtable of size SIZE, where `equal?' is used as the equality predicate. The function returns an integer in the range 0 to SIZE - 1. make-hash-table - Scheme Procedure: make-hash-table [n] Make a new abstract hash table object with minimum number of buckets N hash-table? - Scheme Procedure: hash-table? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is an abstract hash table object. hash-clear! - Scheme Procedure: hash-clear! table Remove all items from TABLE (without triggering a resize). hashq-get-handle - Scheme Procedure: hashq-get-handle table key This procedure returns the `(key . value)' pair from the hash table TABLE. If TABLE does not hold an associated value for KEY, `#f' is returned. Uses `eq?' for equality testing. hashq-create-handle! - Scheme Procedure: hashq-create-handle! table key init This function looks up KEY in TABLE and returns its handle. If KEY is not already present, a new handle is created which associates KEY with INIT. hashq-ref - Scheme Procedure: hashq-ref table key [dflt] Look up KEY in the hash table TABLE, and return the value (if any) associated with it. If KEY is not found, return DFLT (or `#f' if no DFLT argument is supplied). Uses `eq?' for equality testing. hashq-set! - Scheme Procedure: hashq-set! table key val Find the entry in TABLE associated with KEY, and store VAL there. Uses `eq?' for equality testing. hashq-remove! - Scheme Procedure: hashq-remove! table key Remove KEY (and any value associated with it) from TABLE. Uses `eq?' for equality tests. hashv-get-handle - Scheme Procedure: hashv-get-handle table key This procedure returns the `(key . value)' pair from the hash table TABLE. If TABLE does not hold an associated value for KEY, `#f' is returned. Uses `eqv?' for equality testing. hashv-create-handle! - Scheme Procedure: hashv-create-handle! table key init This function looks up KEY in TABLE and returns its handle. If KEY is not already present, a new handle is created which associates KEY with INIT. hashv-ref - Scheme Procedure: hashv-ref table key [dflt] Look up KEY in the hash table TABLE, and return the value (if any) associated with it. If KEY is not found, return DFLT (or `#f' if no DFLT argument is supplied). Uses `eqv?' for equality testing. hashv-set! - Scheme Procedure: hashv-set! table key val Find the entry in TABLE associated with KEY, and store VALUE there. Uses `eqv?' for equality testing. hashv-remove! - Scheme Procedure: hashv-remove! table key Remove KEY (and any value associated with it) from TABLE. Uses `eqv?' for equality tests. hash-get-handle - Scheme Procedure: hash-get-handle table key This procedure returns the `(key . value)' pair from the hash table TABLE. If TABLE does not hold an associated value for KEY, `#f' is returned. Uses `equal?' for equality testing. hash-create-handle! - Scheme Procedure: hash-create-handle! table key init This function looks up KEY in TABLE and returns its handle. If KEY is not already present, a new handle is created which associates KEY with INIT. hash-ref - Scheme Procedure: hash-ref table key [dflt] Look up KEY in the hash table TABLE, and return the value (if any) associated with it. If KEY is not found, return DFLT (or `#f' if no DFLT argument is supplied). Uses `equal?' for equality testing. hash-set! - Scheme Procedure: hash-set! table key val Find the entry in TABLE associated with KEY, and store VAL there. Uses `equal?' for equality testing. hash-remove! - Scheme Procedure: hash-remove! table key Remove KEY (and any value associated with it) from TABLE. Uses `equal?' for equality tests. hashx-get-handle - Scheme Procedure: hashx-get-handle hash assoc table key This behaves the same way as the corresponding `-get-handle' function, but uses HASH as a hash function and ASSOC to compare keys. `hash' must be a function that takes two arguments, a key to be hashed and a table size. `assoc' must be an associator function, like `assoc', `assq' or `assv'. hashx-create-handle! - Scheme Procedure: hashx-create-handle! hash assoc table key init This behaves the same way as the corresponding `-create-handle' function, but uses HASH as a hash function and ASSOC to compare keys. `hash' must be a function that takes two arguments, a key to be hashed and a table size. `assoc' must be an associator function, like `assoc', `assq' or `assv'. hashx-ref - Scheme Procedure: hashx-ref hash assoc table key [dflt] This behaves the same way as the corresponding `ref' function, but uses HASH as a hash function and ASSOC to compare keys. `hash' must be a function that takes two arguments, a key to be hashed and a table size. `assoc' must be an associator function, like `assoc', `assq' or `assv'. By way of illustration, `hashq-ref table key' is equivalent to `hashx-ref hashq assq table key'. hashx-set! - Scheme Procedure: hashx-set! hash assoc table key val This behaves the same way as the corresponding `set!' function, but uses HASH as a hash function and ASSOC to compare keys. `hash' must be a function that takes two arguments, a key to be hashed and a table size. `assoc' must be an associator function, like `assoc', `assq' or `assv'. By way of illustration, `hashq-set! table key' is equivalent to `hashx-set! hashq assq table key'. hashx-remove! - Scheme Procedure: hashx-remove! hash assoc table obj This behaves the same way as the corresponding `remove!' function, but uses HASH as a hash function and ASSOC to compare keys. `hash' must be a function that takes two arguments, a key to be hashed and a table size. `assoc' must be an associator function, like `assoc', `assq' or `assv'. By way of illustration, `hashq-remove! table key' is equivalent to `hashx-remove! hashq assq #f table key'. hash-fold - Scheme Procedure: hash-fold proc init table An iterator over hash-table elements. Accumulates and returns a result by applying PROC successively. The arguments to PROC are "(key value prior-result)" where key and value are successive pairs from the hash table TABLE, and prior-result is either INIT (for the first application of PROC) or the return value of the previous application of PROC. For example, `(hash-fold acons '() tab)' will convert a hash table into an a-list of key-value pairs. hash-for-each - Scheme Procedure: hash-for-each proc table An iterator over hash-table elements. Applies PROC successively on all hash table items. The arguments to PROC are "(key value)" where key and value are successive pairs from the hash table TABLE. hash-for-each-handle - Scheme Procedure: hash-for-each-handle proc table An iterator over hash-table elements. Applies PROC successively on all hash table handles. hash-map->list - Scheme Procedure: hash-map->list proc table An iterator over hash-table elements. Accumulates and returns as a list the results of applying PROC successively. The arguments to PROC are "(key value)" where key and value are successive pairs from the hash table TABLE. hash-count - Scheme Procedure: hash-count pred table Return the number of elements in the given hash TABLE that cause `(PRED KEY VALUE)' to return true. To quickly determine the total number of elements, use `(const #t)' for PRED. make-hook - Scheme Procedure: make-hook [n_args] Create a hook for storing procedure of arity N_ARGS. N_ARGS defaults to zero. The returned value is a hook object to be used with the other hook procedures. hook? - Scheme Procedure: hook? x Return `#t' if X is a hook, `#f' otherwise. hook-empty? - Scheme Procedure: hook-empty? hook Return `#t' if HOOK is an empty hook, `#f' otherwise. add-hook! - Scheme Procedure: add-hook! hook proc [append_p] Add the procedure PROC to the hook HOOK. The procedure is added to the end if APPEND_P is true, otherwise it is added to the front. The return value of this procedure is not specified. remove-hook! - Scheme Procedure: remove-hook! hook proc Remove the procedure PROC from the hook HOOK. The return value of this procedure is not specified. reset-hook! - Scheme Procedure: reset-hook! hook Remove all procedures from the hook HOOK. The return value of this procedure is not specified. run-hook - Scheme Procedure: run-hook hook . args Apply all procedures from the hook HOOK to the arguments ARGS. The order of the procedure application is first to last. The return value of this procedure is not specified. hook->list - Scheme Procedure: hook->list hook Convert the procedure list of HOOK to a list. make-locale - Scheme Procedure: make-locale category_list locale_name [base_locale] Return a reference to a data structure representing a set of locale datasets. CATEGORY_LIST should be either a list of locale categories or a single category as used with `setlocale' (see `setlocale') and LOCALE_NAME should be the name of the locale considered (e.g., `"sl_SI"'). Optionally, if `base_locale' is passed, it should be a locale object denoting settings for categories not listed in CATEGORY_LIST. locale? - Scheme Procedure: locale? obj Return true if OBJ is a locale object. string-locale<? - Scheme Procedure: string-locale<? s1 s2 [locale] Compare strings S1 and S2 in a locale-dependent way.If LOCALE is provided, it should be locale object (as returned by `make-locale') and will be used to perform the comparison; otherwise, the current system locale is used. string-locale>? - Scheme Procedure: string-locale>? s1 s2 [locale] Compare strings S1 and S2 in a locale-dependent way.If LOCALE is provided, it should be locale object (as returned by `make-locale') and will be used to perform the comparison; otherwise, the current system locale is used. string-locale-ci<? - Scheme Procedure: string-locale-ci<? s1 s2 [locale] Compare strings S1 and S2 in a case-insensitive, and locale-dependent way. If LOCALE is provided, it should be locale object (as returned by `make-locale') and will be used to perform the comparison; otherwise, the current system locale is used. string-locale-ci>? - Scheme Procedure: string-locale-ci>? s1 s2 [locale] Compare strings S1 and S2 in a case-insensitive, and locale-dependent way. If LOCALE is provided, it should be locale object (as returned by `make-locale') and will be used to perform the comparison; otherwise, the current system locale is used. string-locale-ci=? - Scheme Procedure: string-locale-ci=? s1 s2 [locale] Compare strings S1 and S2 in a case-insensitive, and locale-dependent way. If LOCALE is provided, it should be locale object (as returned by `make-locale') and will be used to perform the comparison; otherwise, the current system locale is used. char-locale<? - Scheme Procedure: char-locale<? c1 c2 [locale] Return true if character C1 is lower than C2 according to LOCALE or to the current locale. char-locale>? - Scheme Procedure: char-locale>? c1 c2 [locale] Return true if character C1 is greater than C2 according to LOCALE or to the current locale. char-locale-ci<? - Scheme Procedure: char-locale-ci<? c1 c2 [locale] Return true if character C1 is lower than C2, in a case insensitive way according to LOCALE or to the current locale. char-locale-ci>? - Scheme Procedure: char-locale-ci>? c1 c2 [locale] Return true if character C1 is greater than C2, in a case insensitive way according to LOCALE or to the current locale. char-locale-ci=? - Scheme Procedure: char-locale-ci=? c1 c2 [locale] Return true if character C1 is equal to C2, in a case insensitive way according to LOCALE or to the current locale. char-locale-downcase - Scheme Procedure: char-locale-downcase chr [locale] Return the lowercase character that corresponds to CHR according to either LOCALE or the current locale. char-locale-upcase - Scheme Procedure: char-locale-upcase chr [locale] Return the uppercase character that corresponds to CHR according to either LOCALE or the current locale. char-locale-titlecase - Scheme Procedure: char-locale-titlecase chr [locale] Return the titlecase character that corresponds to CHR according to either LOCALE or the current locale. string-locale-upcase - Scheme Procedure: string-locale-upcase str [locale] Return a new string that is the uppercase version of STR according to either LOCALE or the current locale. string-locale-downcase - Scheme Procedure: string-locale-downcase str [locale] Return a new string that is the down-case version of STR according to either LOCALE or the current locale. string-locale-titlecase - Scheme Procedure: string-locale-titlecase str [locale] Return a new string that is the title-case version of STR according to either LOCALE or the current locale. locale-string->integer - Scheme Procedure: locale-string->integer str [base [locale]] Convert string STR into an integer according to either LOCALE (a locale object as returned by `make-locale') or the current process locale. Return two values: an integer (on success) or `#f', and the number of characters read from STR (`0' on failure). locale-string->inexact - Scheme Procedure: locale-string->inexact str [locale] Convert string STR into an inexact number according to either LOCALE (a locale object as returned by `make-locale') or the current process locale. Return two values: an inexact number (on success) or `#f', and the number of characters read from STR (`0' on failure). nl-langinfo - Scheme Procedure: nl-langinfo item [locale] Return a string denoting locale information for ITEM in the current locale or that specified by LOCALE. The semantics and arguments are the same as those of the X/Open `nl_langinfo' function (see `nl_langinfo' in manual `nl_langinfo'The GNU C Library Reference Manual). ftell - Scheme Procedure: ftell fd_port Return an integer representing the current position of FD_PORT, measured from the beginning. Equivalent to: (seek port 0 SEEK_CUR) redirect-port - Scheme Procedure: redirect-port old new This procedure takes two ports and duplicates the underlying file descriptor from OLD into NEW. The current file descriptor in NEW will be closed. After the redirection the two ports will share a file position and file status flags. The return value is unspecified. Unexpected behaviour can result if both ports are subsequently used and the original and/or duplicate ports are buffered. This procedure does not have any side effects on other ports or revealed counts. dup->fdes - Scheme Procedure: dup->fdes fd_or_port [fd] Return a new integer file descriptor referring to the open file designated by FD_OR_PORT, which must be either an open file port or a file descriptor. dup2 - Scheme Procedure: dup2 oldfd newfd A simple wrapper for the `dup2' system call. Copies the file descriptor OLDFD to descriptor number NEWFD, replacing the previous meaning of NEWFD. Both OLDFD and NEWFD must be integers. Unlike for dup->fdes or primitive-move->fdes, no attempt is made to move away ports which are using NEWFD. The return value is unspecified. fileno - Scheme Procedure: fileno port Return the integer file descriptor underlying PORT. Does not change its revealed count. isatty? - Scheme Procedure: isatty? port Return `#t' if PORT is using a serial non--file device, otherwise `#f'. fdopen - Scheme Procedure: fdopen fdes modes Return a new port based on the file descriptor FDES. Modes are given by the string MODES. The revealed count of the port is initialized to zero. The modes string is the same as that accepted by open-file. primitive-move->fdes - Scheme Procedure: primitive-move->fdes port fd Moves the underlying file descriptor for PORT to the integer value FD without changing the revealed count of PORT. Any other ports already using this descriptor will be automatically shifted to new descriptors and their revealed counts reset to zero. The return value is `#f' if the file descriptor already had the required value or `#t' if it was moved. fdes->ports - Scheme Procedure: fdes->ports fd Return a list of existing ports which have FD as an underlying file descriptor, without changing their revealed counts. keyword? - Scheme Procedure: keyword? obj Return `#t' if the argument OBJ is a keyword, else `#f'. symbol->keyword - Scheme Procedure: symbol->keyword symbol Return the keyword with the same name as SYMBOL. keyword->symbol - Scheme Procedure: keyword->symbol keyword Return the symbol with the same name as KEYWORD. make-list - Scheme Procedure: make-list n [init] Create a list containing of N elements, where each element is initialized to INIT. INIT defaults to the empty list `()' if not given. cons* - Scheme Procedure: cons* arg . rest Like `list', but the last arg provides the tail of the constructed list, returning `(cons ARG1 (cons ARG2 (cons ... ARGN)))'. Requires at least one argument. If given one argument, that argument is returned as result. This function is called `list*' in some other Schemes and in Common LISP. null? - Scheme Procedure: null? x Return `#t' iff X is the empty list, else `#f'. list? - Scheme Procedure: list? x Return `#t' iff X is a proper list, else `#f'. length - Scheme Procedure: length lst Return the number of elements in list LST. append - Scheme Procedure: append . args Return a list consisting of the elements the lists passed as arguments. (append '(x) '(y)) ==> (x y) (append '(a) '(b c d)) ==> (a b c d) (append '(a (b)) '((c))) ==> (a (b) (c)) The resulting list is always newly allocated, except that it shares structure with the last list argument. The last argument may actually be any object; an improper list results if the last argument is not a proper list. (append '(a b) '(c . d)) ==> (a b c . d) (append '() 'a) ==> a append! - Scheme Procedure: append! . args A destructive version of `append' (see in manual The Revised^5 Report on Scheme). The cdr field of each list's final pair is changed to point to the head of the next list, so no consing is performed. Return the mutated list. last-pair - Scheme Procedure: last-pair lst Return the last pair in LST, signalling an error if LST is circular. reverse - Scheme Procedure: reverse lst Return a new list that contains the elements of LST but in reverse order. reverse! - Scheme Procedure: reverse! lst [new_tail] A destructive version of `reverse' (see in manual The Revised^5 Report on Scheme). The cdr of each cell in LST is modified to point to the previous list element. Return the reversed list. Caveat: because the list is modified in place, the tail of the original list now becomes its head, and the head of the original list now becomes the tail. Therefore, the LST symbol to which the head of the original list was bound now points to the tail. To ensure that the head of the modified list is not lost, it is wise to save the return value of `reverse!' list-ref - Scheme Procedure: list-ref list k Return the Kth element from LIST. list-set! - Scheme Procedure: list-set! list k val Set the Kth element of LIST to VAL. list-cdr-ref - Scheme Procedure: list-cdr-ref implemented by the C function "scm_list_tail" list-tail - Scheme Procedure: list-tail lst k Return the "tail" of LST beginning with its Kth element. The first element of the list is considered to be element 0. `list-tail' and `list-cdr-ref' are identical. It may help to think of `list-cdr-ref' as accessing the Kth cdr of the list, or returning the results of cdring K times down LST. list-cdr-set! - Scheme Procedure: list-cdr-set! list k val Set the Kth cdr of LIST to VAL. list-head - Scheme Procedure: list-head lst k Copy the first K elements from LST into a new list, and return it. list-copy - Scheme Procedure: list-copy lst Return a (newly-created) copy of LST. list - Scheme Procedure: list . objs Return a list containing OBJS, the arguments to `list'. memq - Scheme Procedure: memq x lst Return the first sublist of LST whose car is `eq?' to X where the sublists of LST are the non-empty lists returned by `(list-tail LST K)' for K less than the length of LST. If X does not occur in LST, then `#f' (not the empty list) is returned. memv - Scheme Procedure: memv x lst Return the first sublist of LST whose car is `eqv?' to X where the sublists of LST are the non-empty lists returned by `(list-tail LST K)' for K less than the length of LST. If X does not occur in LST, then `#f' (not the empty list) is returned. member - Scheme Procedure: member x lst Return the first sublist of LST whose car is `equal?' to X where the sublists of LST are the non-empty lists returned by `(list-tail LST K)' for K less than the length of LST. If X does not occur in LST, then `#f' (not the empty list) is returned. delq! - Scheme Procedure: delq! item lst These procedures are destructive versions of `delq', `delv' and `delete': they modify the existing LST rather than creating a new list. Caveat evaluator: Like other destructive list functions, these functions cannot modify the binding of LST, and so cannot be used to delete the first element of LST destructively. delv! - Scheme Procedure: delv! item lst Destructively remove all elements from LST that are `eqv?' to ITEM. delete! - Scheme Procedure: delete! item lst Destructively remove all elements from LST that are `equal?' to ITEM. delq - Scheme Procedure: delq item lst Return a newly-created copy of LST with elements `eq?' to ITEM removed. This procedure mirrors `memq': `delq' compares elements of LST against ITEM with `eq?'. delv - Scheme Procedure: delv item lst Return a newly-created copy of LST with elements `eqv?' to ITEM removed. This procedure mirrors `memv': `delv' compares elements of LST against ITEM with `eqv?'. delete - Scheme Procedure: delete item lst Return a newly-created copy of LST with elements `equal?' to ITEM removed. This procedure mirrors `member': `delete' compares elements of LST against ITEM with `equal?'. delq1! - Scheme Procedure: delq1! item lst Like `delq!', but only deletes the first occurrence of ITEM from LST. Tests for equality using `eq?'. See also `delv1!' and `delete1!'. delv1! - Scheme Procedure: delv1! item lst Like `delv!', but only deletes the first occurrence of ITEM from LST. Tests for equality using `eqv?'. See also `delq1!' and `delete1!'. delete1! - Scheme Procedure: delete1! item lst Like `delete!', but only deletes the first occurrence of ITEM from LST. Tests for equality using `equal?'. See also `delq1!' and `delv1!'. filter - Scheme Procedure: filter pred list Return all the elements of 2nd arg LIST that satisfy predicate PRED. The list is not disordered -- elements that appear in the result list occur in the same order as they occur in the argument list. The returned list may share a common tail with the argument list. The dynamic order in which the various applications of pred are made is not specified. (filter even? '(0 7 8 8 43 -4)) => (0 8 8 -4) filter! - Scheme Procedure: filter! pred list Linear-update variant of `filter'. primitive-load - Scheme Procedure: primitive-load filename Load the file named FILENAME and evaluate its contents in the top-level environment. The load paths are not searched; FILENAME must either be a full pathname or be a pathname relative to the current directory. If the variable `%load-hook' is defined, it should be bound to a procedure that will be called before any code is loaded. See the documentation for `%load-hook' later in this section. %package-data-dir - Scheme Procedure: %package-data-dir Return the name of the directory where Scheme packages, modules and libraries are kept. On most Unix systems, this will be `/usr/local/share/guile'. %library-dir - Scheme Procedure: %library-dir Return the directory where the Guile Scheme library files are installed. E.g., may return "/usr/share/guile/1.3.5". %site-dir - Scheme Procedure: %site-dir Return the directory where users should install Scheme code for use with this version of Guile. E.g., may return "/usr/share/guile/site/2.2". %global-site-dir - Scheme Procedure: %global-site-dir Return the directory where users should install Scheme code for use with all versions of Guile. E.g., may return "/usr/share/guile/site". %site-ccache-dir - Scheme Procedure: %site-ccache-dir Return the directory where users should install compiled `.go' files for use with this version of Guile. E.g., may return "/usr/lib/guile/2.2/site-ccache". parse-path - Scheme Procedure: parse-path path [tail] Parse PATH, which is expected to be a colon-separated string, into a list and return the resulting list with TAIL appended. If PATH is `#f', TAIL is returned. parse-path-with-ellipsis - Scheme Procedure: parse-path-with-ellipsis path base Parse PATH, which is expected to be a colon-separated string, into a list and return the resulting list with BASE (a list) spliced in place of the `...' path component, if present, or else BASE is added to the end. If PATH is `#f', BASE is returned. search-path - Scheme Procedure: search-path path filename . rest Search PATH for a directory containing a file named FILENAME. The file must be readable, and not a directory. If we find one, return its full filename; otherwise, return `#f'. If FILENAME is absolute, return it unchanged. If given, REST is a list of extension strings; for each directory in PATH, we search for FILENAME concatenated with each extension. %search-load-path - Scheme Procedure: %search-load-path filename Search %LOAD-PATH for the file named FILENAME, which must be readable by the current user. If FILENAME is found in the list of paths to search or is an absolute pathname, return its full pathname. Otherwise, return `#f'. Filenames may have any of the optional extensions in the `%load-extensions' list; `%search-load-path' will try each extension automatically. %warn-auto-compilation-enabled - Scheme Procedure: %warn-auto-compilation-enabled primitive-load-path - Scheme Procedure: primitive-load-path . args Search %LOAD-PATH for the file named FILENAME and load it into the top-level environment. If FILENAME is a relative pathname and is not found in the list of search paths, one of three things may happen, depending on the optional second argument, EXCEPTION_ON_NOT_FOUND. If it is `#f', `#f' will be returned. If it is a procedure, it will be called with no arguments. Otherwise an error is signalled. make-syntax-transformer - Scheme Procedure: make-syntax-transformer name type binding Construct a "syntax transformer". This function is part of Guile's low-level support for the psyntax syntax expander. Users should not call this function. macro? - Scheme Procedure: macro? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a syntax transformer (an object that transforms Scheme expressions at expansion-time). Macros are actually just one kind of syntax transformer; this procedure has its name due to historical reasons. macro-type - Scheme Procedure: macro-type m Return the type of the syntax transformer M, as passed to `make-syntax-transformer'. If M is a primitive syntax transformer, `#f' will be returned. macro-name - Scheme Procedure: macro-name m Return the name of the syntax transformer M. macro-transformer - Scheme Procedure: macro-transformer m Return the transformer procedure of the macro M. If M is a syntax transformer but not a macro, `#f' will be returned. (This can happen, for example, with primitive syntax transformers). macro-binding - Scheme Procedure: macro-binding m Return the binding of the syntax transformer M, as passed to `make-syntax-transformer'. If M is a primitive syntax transformer, `#f' will be returned. memoize-expression - Scheme Procedure: memoize-expression exp Memoize the expression EXP. unmemoize-expression - Scheme Procedure: unmemoize-expression m Unmemoize the memoized expression M. memoized-typecode - Scheme Procedure: memoized-typecode sym Return the memoized typecode corresponding to the symbol SYM. %resolve-variable - Scheme Procedure: %resolve-variable loc mod Look up and return the variable for LOC. current-module - Scheme Procedure: current-module Return the current module. set-current-module - Scheme Procedure: set-current-module module Set the current module to MODULE and return the previous current module. interaction-environment - Scheme Procedure: interaction-environment Return a specifier for the environment that contains implementation--defined bindings, typically a superset of those listed in the report. The intent is that this procedure will return the environment in which the implementation would evaluate expressions dynamically typed by the user. module-local-variable - Scheme Procedure: module-local-variable module sym Return the variable bound to SYM in MODULE. Return `#f' is SYM is not bound locally in MODULE. module-variable - Scheme Procedure: module-variable module sym Return the variable bound to SYM in MODULE. This may be both a local variable or an imported variable. Return `#f' is SYM is not bound in MODULE. module-transformer - Scheme Procedure: module-transformer module Returns the syntax expander for the given module. module-import-interface - Scheme Procedure: module-import-interface module sym Return the module or interface from which SYM is imported in MODULE. If SYM is not imported (i.e., it is not defined in MODULE or it is a module-local binding instead of an imported one), then `#f' is returned. define! - Scheme Procedure: define! sym value Define SYM to be VALUE in the current module.Returns the variable itself. Note that this is a procedure, not a macro. module-reverse-lookup - Scheme Procedure: module-reverse-lookup module variable Return the symbol under which VARIABLE is bound in MODULE or #F if VARIABLE is not visible from MODULE. If MODULE is `#f', then the pre-module obarray is used. %get-pre-modules-obarray - Scheme Procedure: %get-pre-modules-obarray Return the obarray that is used for all new bindings before the module system is booted. The first call to `set-current-module' will boot the module system. exact? - Scheme Procedure: exact? x Return `#t' if X is an exact number, `#f' otherwise. inexact? - Scheme Procedure: inexact? x Return `#t' if X is an inexact number, `#f' else. odd? - Scheme Procedure: odd? n Return `#t' if N is an odd number, `#f' otherwise. even? - Scheme Procedure: even? n Return `#t' if N is an even number, `#f' otherwise. finite? - Scheme Procedure: finite? x Return `#t' if the real number X is neither infinite nor a NaN, `#f' otherwise. inf? - Scheme Procedure: inf? x Return `#t' if the real number X is `+inf.0' or `-inf.0'. Otherwise return `#f'. nan? - Scheme Procedure: nan? x Return `#t' if the real number X is a NaN, or `#f' otherwise. inf - Scheme Procedure: inf Return Inf. nan - Scheme Procedure: nan Return NaN. abs - Scheme Procedure: abs x Return the absolute value of X. quotient - Scheme Procedure: quotient x y Return the quotient of the numbers X and Y. remainder - Scheme Procedure: remainder x y Return the remainder of the numbers X and Y. (remainder 13 4) ==> 1 (remainder -13 4) ==> -1 modulo - Scheme Procedure: modulo x y Return the modulo of the numbers X and Y. (modulo 13 4) ==> 1 (modulo -13 4) ==> 3 euclidean-quotient - Scheme Procedure: euclidean-quotient x y Return the integer Q such that X = Q*Y + R where 0 <= R < abs(Y). (euclidean-quotient 123 10) ==> 12 (euclidean-quotient 123 -10) ==> -12 (euclidean-quotient -123 10) ==> -13 (euclidean-quotient -123 -10) ==> 13 (euclidean-quotient -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 (euclidean-quotient 16/3 -10/7) ==> -3 euclidean-remainder - Scheme Procedure: euclidean-remainder x y Return the real number R such that 0 <= R < abs(Y) and X = Q*Y + R for some integer Q. (euclidean-remainder 123 10) ==> 3 (euclidean-remainder 123 -10) ==> 3 (euclidean-remainder -123 10) ==> 7 (euclidean-remainder -123 -10) ==> 7 (euclidean-remainder -123.2 -63.5) ==> 3.8 (euclidean-remainder 16/3 -10/7) ==> 22/21 euclidean/ - Scheme Procedure: euclidean/ x y Return the integer Q and the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R and 0 <= R < abs(Y). (euclidean/ 123 10) ==> 12 and 3 (euclidean/ 123 -10) ==> -12 and 3 (euclidean/ -123 10) ==> -13 and 7 (euclidean/ -123 -10) ==> 13 and 7 (euclidean/ -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 and 3.8 (euclidean/ 16/3 -10/7) ==> -3 and 22/21 floor-quotient - Scheme Procedure: floor-quotient x y Return the floor of X / Y. (floor-quotient 123 10) ==> 12 (floor-quotient 123 -10) ==> -13 (floor-quotient -123 10) ==> -13 (floor-quotient -123 -10) ==> 12 (floor-quotient -123.2 -63.5) ==> 1.0 (floor-quotient 16/3 -10/7) ==> -4 floor-remainder - Scheme Procedure: floor-remainder x y Return the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R where Q = floor(X / Y). (floor-remainder 123 10) ==> 3 (floor-remainder 123 -10) ==> -7 (floor-remainder -123 10) ==> 7 (floor-remainder -123 -10) ==> -3 (floor-remainder -123.2 -63.5) ==> -59.7 (floor-remainder 16/3 -10/7) ==> -8/21 floor/ - Scheme Procedure: floor/ x y Return the integer Q and the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R and Q = floor(X / Y). (floor/ 123 10) ==> 12 and 3 (floor/ 123 -10) ==> -13 and -7 (floor/ -123 10) ==> -13 and 7 (floor/ -123 -10) ==> 12 and -3 (floor/ -123.2 -63.5) ==> 1.0 and -59.7 (floor/ 16/3 -10/7) ==> -4 and -8/21 ceiling-quotient - Scheme Procedure: ceiling-quotient x y Return the ceiling of X / Y. (ceiling-quotient 123 10) ==> 13 (ceiling-quotient 123 -10) ==> -12 (ceiling-quotient -123 10) ==> -12 (ceiling-quotient -123 -10) ==> 13 (ceiling-quotient -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 (ceiling-quotient 16/3 -10/7) ==> -3 ceiling-remainder - Scheme Procedure: ceiling-remainder x y Return the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R where Q = ceiling(X / Y). (ceiling-remainder 123 10) ==> -7 (ceiling-remainder 123 -10) ==> 3 (ceiling-remainder -123 10) ==> -3 (ceiling-remainder -123 -10) ==> 7 (ceiling-remainder -123.2 -63.5) ==> 3.8 (ceiling-remainder 16/3 -10/7) ==> 22/21 ceiling/ - Scheme Procedure: ceiling/ x y Return the integer Q and the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R and Q = ceiling(X / Y). (ceiling/ 123 10) ==> 13 and -7 (ceiling/ 123 -10) ==> -12 and 3 (ceiling/ -123 10) ==> -12 and -3 (ceiling/ -123 -10) ==> 13 and 7 (ceiling/ -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 and 3.8 (ceiling/ 16/3 -10/7) ==> -3 and 22/21 truncate-quotient - Scheme Procedure: truncate-quotient x y Return X / Y rounded toward zero. (truncate-quotient 123 10) ==> 12 (truncate-quotient 123 -10) ==> -12 (truncate-quotient -123 10) ==> -12 (truncate-quotient -123 -10) ==> 12 (truncate-quotient -123.2 -63.5) ==> 1.0 (truncate-quotient 16/3 -10/7) ==> -3 truncate-remainder - Scheme Procedure: truncate-remainder x y Return the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R where Q = truncate(X / Y). (truncate-remainder 123 10) ==> 3 (truncate-remainder 123 -10) ==> 3 (truncate-remainder -123 10) ==> -3 (truncate-remainder -123 -10) ==> -3 (truncate-remainder -123.2 -63.5) ==> -59.7 (truncate-remainder 16/3 -10/7) ==> 22/21 truncate/ - Scheme Procedure: truncate/ x y Return the integer Q and the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R and Q = truncate(X / Y). (truncate/ 123 10) ==> 12 and 3 (truncate/ 123 -10) ==> -12 and 3 (truncate/ -123 10) ==> -12 and -3 (truncate/ -123 -10) ==> 12 and -3 (truncate/ -123.2 -63.5) ==> 1.0 and -59.7 (truncate/ 16/3 -10/7) ==> -3 and 22/21 centered-quotient - Scheme Procedure: centered-quotient x y Return the integer Q such that X = Q*Y + R where -abs(Y/2) <= R < abs(Y/2). (centered-quotient 123 10) ==> 12 (centered-quotient 123 -10) ==> -12 (centered-quotient -123 10) ==> -12 (centered-quotient -123 -10) ==> 12 (centered-quotient -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 (centered-quotient 16/3 -10/7) ==> -4 centered-remainder - Scheme Procedure: centered-remainder x y Return the real number R such that -abs(Y/2) <= R < abs(Y/2) and X = Q*Y + R for some integer Q. (centered-remainder 123 10) ==> 3 (centered-remainder 123 -10) ==> 3 (centered-remainder -123 10) ==> -3 (centered-remainder -123 -10) ==> -3 (centered-remainder -123.2 -63.5) ==> 3.8 (centered-remainder 16/3 -10/7) ==> -8/21 centered/ - Scheme Procedure: centered/ x y Return the integer Q and the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R and -abs(Y/2) <= R < abs(Y/2). (centered/ 123 10) ==> 12 and 3 (centered/ 123 -10) ==> -12 and 3 (centered/ -123 10) ==> -12 and -3 (centered/ -123 -10) ==> 12 and -3 (centered/ -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 and 3.8 (centered/ 16/3 -10/7) ==> -4 and -8/21 round-quotient - Scheme Procedure: round-quotient x y Return X / Y to the nearest integer, with ties going to the nearest even integer. (round-quotient 123 10) ==> 12 (round-quotient 123 -10) ==> -12 (round-quotient -123 10) ==> -12 (round-quotient -123 -10) ==> 12 (round-quotient 125 10) ==> 12 (round-quotient 127 10) ==> 13 (round-quotient 135 10) ==> 14 (round-quotient -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 (round-quotient 16/3 -10/7) ==> -4 round-remainder - Scheme Procedure: round-remainder x y Return the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R, where Q is X / Y rounded to the nearest integer, with ties going to the nearest even integer. (round-remainder 123 10) ==> 3 (round-remainder 123 -10) ==> 3 (round-remainder -123 10) ==> -3 (round-remainder -123 -10) ==> -3 (round-remainder 125 10) ==> 5 (round-remainder 127 10) ==> -3 (round-remainder 135 10) ==> -5 (round-remainder -123.2 -63.5) ==> 3.8 (round-remainder 16/3 -10/7) ==> -8/21 round/ - Scheme Procedure: round/ x y Return the integer Q and the real number R such that X = Q*Y + R and Q is X / Y rounded to the nearest integer, with ties going to the nearest even integer. (round/ 123 10) ==> 12 and 3 (round/ 123 -10) ==> -12 and 3 (round/ -123 10) ==> -12 and -3 (round/ -123 -10) ==> 12 and -3 (round/ 125 10) ==> 12 and 5 (round/ 127 10) ==> 13 and -3 (round/ 135 10) ==> 14 and -5 (round/ -123.2 -63.5) ==> 2.0 and 3.8 (round/ 16/3 -10/7) ==> -4 and -8/21 gcd - Scheme Procedure: gcd [x [y . rest]] Return the greatest common divisor of all parameter values. If called without arguments, 0 is returned. lcm - Scheme Procedure: lcm [x [y . rest]] Return the least common multiple of the arguments. If called without arguments, 1 is returned. logand - Scheme Procedure: logand [x [y . rest]] Return the bitwise AND of the integer arguments. (logand) ==> -1 (logand 7) ==> 7 (logand #b111 #b011 #b001) ==> 1 logior - Scheme Procedure: logior [x [y . rest]] Return the bitwise OR of the integer arguments. (logior) ==> 0 (logior 7) ==> 7 (logior #b000 #b001 #b011) ==> 3 logxor - Scheme Procedure: logxor [x [y . rest]] Return the bitwise XOR of the integer arguments. A bit is set in the result if it is set in an odd number of arguments. (logxor) ==> 0 (logxor 7) ==> 7 (logxor #b000 #b001 #b011) ==> 2 (logxor #b000 #b001 #b011 #b011) ==> 1 logtest - Scheme Procedure: logtest j k Test whether J and K have any 1 bits in common. This is equivalent to `(not (zero? (logand j k)))', but without actually calculating the `logand', just testing for non-zero. (logtest #b0100 #b1011) ==> #f (logtest #b0100 #b0111) ==> #t logbit? - Scheme Procedure: logbit? index j Test whether bit number INDEX in J is set. INDEX starts from 0 for the least significant bit. (logbit? 0 #b1101) ==> #t (logbit? 1 #b1101) ==> #f (logbit? 2 #b1101) ==> #t (logbit? 3 #b1101) ==> #t (logbit? 4 #b1101) ==> #f lognot - Scheme Procedure: lognot n Return the integer which is the ones-complement of the integer argument. (number->string (lognot #b10000000) 2) ==> "-10000001" (number->string (lognot #b0) 2) ==> "-1" modulo-expt - Scheme Procedure: modulo-expt n k m Return N raised to the integer exponent K, modulo M. (modulo-expt 2 3 5) ==> 3 integer-expt - Scheme Procedure: integer-expt n k Return N raised to the power K. K must be an exact integer, N can be any number. Negative K is supported, and results in 1/N^abs(K) in the usual way. N^0 is 1, as usual, and that includes 0^0 is 1. (integer-expt 2 5) ==> 32 (integer-expt -3 3) ==> -27 (integer-expt 5 -3) ==> 1/125 (integer-expt 0 0) ==> 1 ash - Scheme Procedure: ash n count Return floor(N * 2^COUNT). N and COUNT must be exact integers. With N viewed as an infinite-precision twos-complement integer, `ash' means a left shift introducing zero bits when COUNT is positive, or a right shift dropping bits when COUNT is negative. This is an ``arithmetic'' shift. (number->string (ash #b1 3) 2) ==> "1000" (number->string (ash #b1010 -1) 2) ==> "101" ;; -23 is bits ...11101001, -6 is bits ...111010 (ash -23 -2) ==> -6 round-ash - Scheme Procedure: round-ash n count Return round(N * 2^COUNT). N and COUNT must be exact integers. With N viewed as an infinite-precision twos-complement integer, `round-ash' means a left shift introducing zero bits when COUNT is positive, or a right shift rounding to the nearest integer (with ties going to the nearest even integer) when COUNT is negative. This is a rounded ``arithmetic'' shift. (number->string (round-ash #b1 3) 2) ==> "1000" (number->string (round-ash #b1010 -1) 2) ==> "101" (number->string (round-ash #b1010 -2) 2) ==> "10" (number->string (round-ash #b1011 -2) 2) ==> "11" (number->string (round-ash #b1101 -2) 2) ==> "11" (number->string (round-ash #b1110 -2) 2) ==> "100" bit-extract - Scheme Procedure: bit-extract n start end Return the integer composed of the START (inclusive) through END (exclusive) bits of N. The STARTth bit becomes the 0-th bit in the result. (number->string (bit-extract #b1101101010 0 4) 2) ==> "1010" (number->string (bit-extract #b1101101010 4 9) 2) ==> "10110" logcount - Scheme Procedure: logcount n Return the number of bits in integer N. If integer is positive, the 1-bits in its binary representation are counted. If negative, the 0-bits in its two's-complement binary representation are counted. If 0, 0 is returned. (logcount #b10101010) ==> 4 (logcount 0) ==> 0 (logcount -2) ==> 1 integer-length - Scheme Procedure: integer-length n Return the number of bits necessary to represent N. (integer-length #b10101010) ==> 8 (integer-length 0) ==> 0 (integer-length #b1111) ==> 4 number->string - Scheme Procedure: number->string n [radix] Return a string holding the external representation of the number N in the given RADIX. If N is inexact, a radix of 10 will be used. string->number - Scheme Procedure: string->number string [radix] Return a number of the maximally precise representation expressed by the given STRING. RADIX must be an exact integer, either 2, 8, 10, or 16. If supplied, RADIX is a default radix that may be overridden by an explicit radix prefix in STRING (e.g. "#o177"). If RADIX is not supplied, then the default radix is 10. If string is not a syntactically valid notation for a number, then `string->number' returns `#f'. number? - Scheme Procedure: number? x Return `#t' if X is a number, `#f' otherwise. complex? - Scheme Procedure: complex? x Return `#t' if X is a complex number, `#f' otherwise. Note that the sets of real, rational and integer values form subsets of the set of complex numbers, i. e. the predicate will also be fulfilled if X is a real, rational or integer number. real? - Scheme Procedure: real? x Return `#t' if X is a real number, `#f' otherwise. Note that the set of integer values forms a subset of the set of real numbers, i. e. the predicate will also be fulfilled if X is an integer number. rational? - Scheme Procedure: rational? x Return `#t' if X is a rational number, `#f' otherwise. Note that the set of integer values forms a subset of the set of rational numbers, i. e. the predicate will also be fulfilled if X is an integer number. integer? - Scheme Procedure: integer? x Return `#t' if X is an integer number, else return `#f'. exact-integer? - Scheme Procedure: exact-integer? x Return `#t' if X is an exact integer number, else return `#f'. = - Scheme Procedure: = [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if all parameters are numerically equal. < - Scheme Procedure: < [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the list of parameters is monotonically increasing. > - Scheme Procedure: > [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the list of parameters is monotonically decreasing. <= - Scheme Procedure: <= [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the list of parameters is monotonically non-decreasing. >= - Scheme Procedure: >= [x [y . rest]] Return `#t' if the list of parameters is monotonically non-increasing. zero? - Scheme Procedure: zero? z Return `#t' if Z is an exact or inexact number equal to zero. positive? - Scheme Procedure: positive? x Return `#t' if X is an exact or inexact number greater than zero. negative? - Scheme Procedure: negative? x Return `#t' if X is an exact or inexact number less than zero. max - Scheme Procedure: max [x [y . rest]] Return the maximum of all parameter values. min - Scheme Procedure: min [x [y . rest]] Return the minimum of all parameter values. + - Scheme Procedure: + [x [y . rest]] Return the sum of all parameter values. Return 0 if called without any parameters. 1+ - Scheme Procedure: 1+ x Return X+1. - - Scheme Procedure: - [x [y . rest]] If called with one argument Z1, -Z1 returned. Otherwise the sum of all but the first argument are subtracted from the first argument. 1- - Scheme Procedure: 1- x Return X-1. * - Scheme Procedure: * [x [y . rest]] Return the product of all arguments. If called without arguments, 1 is returned. / - Scheme Procedure: / [x [y . rest]] Divide the first argument by the product of the remaining arguments. If called with one argument Z1, 1/Z1 is returned. truncate - Scheme Procedure: truncate x Round the number X towards zero. round - Scheme Procedure: round x Round the number X towards the nearest integer. When it is exactly halfway between two integers, round towards the even one. floor - Scheme Procedure: floor x Round the number X towards minus infinity. ceiling - Scheme Procedure: ceiling x Round the number X towards infinity. expt - Scheme Procedure: expt x y Return X raised to the power of Y. sin - Scheme Procedure: sin z Compute the sine of Z. cos - Scheme Procedure: cos z Compute the cosine of Z. tan - Scheme Procedure: tan z Compute the tangent of Z. sinh - Scheme Procedure: sinh z Compute the hyperbolic sine of Z. cosh - Scheme Procedure: cosh z Compute the hyperbolic cosine of Z. tanh - Scheme Procedure: tanh z Compute the hyperbolic tangent of Z. asin - Scheme Procedure: asin z Compute the arc sine of Z. acos - Scheme Procedure: acos z Compute the arc cosine of Z. atan - Scheme Procedure: atan z [y] With one argument, compute the arc tangent of Z. If Y is present, compute the arc tangent of Z/Y, using the sign of Z and Y to determine the quadrant. asinh - Scheme Procedure: asinh z Compute the inverse hyperbolic sine of Z. acosh - Scheme Procedure: acosh z Compute the inverse hyperbolic cosine of Z. atanh - Scheme Procedure: atanh z Compute the inverse hyperbolic tangent of Z. make-rectangular - Scheme Procedure: make-rectangular real_part imaginary_part Return a complex number constructed of the given REAL_PART and IMAGINARY_PART parts. make-polar - Scheme Procedure: make-polar mag ang Return the complex number MAG * e^(i * ANG). real-part - Scheme Procedure: real-part z Return the real part of the number Z. imag-part - Scheme Procedure: imag-part z Return the imaginary part of the number Z. numerator - Scheme Procedure: numerator z Return the numerator of the number Z. denominator - Scheme Procedure: denominator z Return the denominator of the number Z. magnitude - Scheme Procedure: magnitude z Return the magnitude of the number Z. This is the same as `abs' for real arguments, but also allows complex numbers. angle - Scheme Procedure: angle z Return the angle of the complex number Z. exact->inexact - Scheme Procedure: exact->inexact z Convert the number Z to its inexact representation. inexact->exact - Scheme Procedure: inexact->exact z Return an exact number that is numerically closest to Z. rationalize - Scheme Procedure: rationalize x eps Returns the _simplest_ rational number differing from X by no more than EPS. As required by R5RS, `rationalize' only returns an exact result when both its arguments are exact. Thus, you might need to use `inexact->exact' on the arguments. (rationalize (inexact->exact 1.2) 1/100) ==> 6/5 log - Scheme Procedure: log z Return the natural logarithm of Z. log10 - Scheme Procedure: log10 z Return the base 10 logarithm of Z. exp - Scheme Procedure: exp z Return e to the power of Z, where e is the base of natural logarithms (2.71828...). exact-integer-sqrt - Scheme Procedure: exact-integer-sqrt k Return two exact non-negative integers S and R such that K = S^2 + R and S^2 <= K < (S + 1)^2. An error is raised if K is not an exact non-negative integer. (exact-integer-sqrt 10) ==> 3 and 1 sqrt - Scheme Procedure: sqrt z Return the square root of Z. Of the two possible roots (positive and negative), the one with positive real part is returned, or if that's zero then a positive imaginary part. Thus, (sqrt 9.0) ==> 3.0 (sqrt -9.0) ==> 0.0+3.0i (sqrt 1.0+1.0i) ==> 1.09868411346781+0.455089860562227i (sqrt -1.0-1.0i) ==> 0.455089860562227-1.09868411346781i object-properties - Scheme Procedure: object-properties obj Return OBJ's property list. set-object-properties! - Scheme Procedure: set-object-properties! obj alist Set OBJ's property list to ALIST. object-property - Scheme Procedure: object-property obj key Return the property of OBJ with name KEY. set-object-property! - Scheme Procedure: set-object-property! obj key value In OBJ's property list, set the property named KEY to VALUE. pair? - Scheme Procedure: pair? x Return `#t' if X is a pair; otherwise return `#f'. set-car! - Scheme Procedure: set-car! pair value Stores VALUE in the car field of PAIR. The value returned by `set-car!' is unspecified. set-cdr! - Scheme Procedure: set-cdr! pair value Stores VALUE in the cdr field of PAIR. The value returned by `set-cdr!' is unspecified. cddr - Scheme Procedure: cddr x cdar - Scheme Procedure: cdar x cadr - Scheme Procedure: cadr x caar - Scheme Procedure: caar x cdddr - Scheme Procedure: cdddr x cddar - Scheme Procedure: cddar x cdadr - Scheme Procedure: cdadr x cdaar - Scheme Procedure: cdaar x caddr - Scheme Procedure: caddr x cadar - Scheme Procedure: cadar x caadr - Scheme Procedure: caadr x caaar - Scheme Procedure: caaar x cddddr - Scheme Procedure: cddddr x cdddar - Scheme Procedure: cdddar x cddadr - Scheme Procedure: cddadr x cddaar - Scheme Procedure: cddaar x cdaddr - Scheme Procedure: cdaddr x cdadar - Scheme Procedure: cdadar x cdaadr - Scheme Procedure: cdaadr x cdaaar - Scheme Procedure: cdaaar x cadddr - Scheme Procedure: cadddr x caddar - Scheme Procedure: caddar x cadadr - Scheme Procedure: cadadr x cadaar - Scheme Procedure: cadaar x caaddr - Scheme Procedure: caaddr x caadar - Scheme Procedure: caadar x caaadr - Scheme Procedure: caaadr x caaaar - Scheme Procedure: caaaar x %port-property - Scheme Procedure: %port-property port key Return the property of PORT associated with KEY. %set-port-property! - Scheme Procedure: %set-port-property! port key value Set the property of PORT associated with KEY to VALUE. current-input-port - Scheme Procedure: current-input-port Return the current input port. This is the default port used by many input procedures. Initially, `current-input-port' returns the "standard input" in Unix and C terminology. current-output-port - Scheme Procedure: current-output-port Return the current output port. This is the default port used by many output procedures. Initially, `current-output-port' returns the "standard output" in Unix and C terminology. current-error-port - Scheme Procedure: current-error-port Return the port to which errors and warnings should be sent (the "standard error" in Unix and C terminology). current-warning-port - Scheme Procedure: current-warning-port Return the port to which diagnostic warnings should be sent. current-load-port - Scheme Procedure: current-load-port Return the current-load-port. The load port is used internally by `primitive-load'. port-mode - Scheme Procedure: port-mode port Return the port modes associated with the open port PORT. These will not necessarily be identical to the modes used when the port was opened, since modes such as "append" which are used only during port creation are not retained. port? - Scheme Procedure: port? x Return a boolean indicating whether X is a port. Equivalent to `(or (input-port? X) (output-port? X))'. input-port? - Scheme Procedure: input-port? x Return `#t' if X is an input port, otherwise return `#f'. Any object satisfying this predicate also satisfies `port?'. output-port? - Scheme Procedure: output-port? x Return `#t' if X is an output port, otherwise return `#f'. Any object satisfying this predicate also satisfies `port?'. port-closed? - Scheme Procedure: port-closed? port Return `#t' if PORT is closed or `#f' if it is open. eof-object? - Scheme Procedure: eof-object? x Return `#t' if X is an end-of-file object; otherwise return `#f'. close-port - Scheme Procedure: close-port port Close the specified port object. Return `#t' if it successfully closes a port or `#f' if it was already closed. An exception may be raised if an error occurs, for example when flushing buffered output. See also close, for a procedure which can close file descriptors. close-input-port - Scheme Procedure: close-input-port port Close the specified input port object. The routine has no effect if the file has already been closed. An exception may be raised if an error occurs. The value returned is unspecified. See also close, for a procedure which can close file descriptors. close-output-port - Scheme Procedure: close-output-port port Close the specified output port object. The routine has no effect if the file has already been closed. An exception may be raised if an error occurs. The value returned is unspecified. See also close, for a procedure which can close file descriptors. specialize-port-encoding! - Scheme Procedure: specialize-port-encoding! port encoding %port-encoding - Scheme Procedure: %port-encoding port Returns, as a symbol, the character encoding that PORT uses to interpret its input and output. %set-port-encoding! - Scheme Procedure: %set-port-encoding! port enc Sets the character encoding that will be used to interpret all port I/O. New ports are created with the encoding appropriate for the current locale if `setlocale' has been called or ISO-8859-1 otherwise and this procedure can be used to modify that encoding. port-conversion-strategy - Scheme Procedure: port-conversion-strategy port Returns the behavior of the port when handling a character that is not representable in the port's current encoding. It returns the symbol `error' if unrepresentable characters should cause exceptions, `substitute' if the port should try to replace unrepresentable characters with question marks or approximate characters, or `escape' if unrepresentable characters should be converted to string escapes. If PORT is `#f', then the current default behavior will be returned. New ports will have this default behavior when they are created. set-port-conversion-strategy! - Scheme Procedure: set-port-conversion-strategy! port sym Sets the behavior of the interpreter when outputting a character that is not representable in the port's current encoding. SYM can be either `'error', `'substitute', or `'escape'. If it is `'error', an error will be thrown when an unconvertible character is encountered. If it is `'substitute', then unconvertible characters will be replaced with approximate characters, or with question marks if no approximately correct character is available. If it is `'escape', it will appear as a hex escape when output. If PORT is an open port, the conversion error behavior is set for that port. If it is `#f', it is set as the default behavior for any future ports that get created in this thread. port-read-wait-fd - Scheme Procedure: port-read-wait-fd port port-write-wait-fd - Scheme Procedure: port-write-wait-fd port port-poll - Scheme Procedure: port-poll port events [timeout] port-decode-char - Scheme Procedure: port-decode-char port bv start count read-char - Scheme Procedure: read-char [port] Return the next character available from PORT, updating PORT to point to the following character. If no more characters are available, the end-of-file object is returned. When PORT's data cannot be decoded according to its character encoding, a `decoding-error' is raised and PORT points past the erroneous byte sequence. peek-char - Scheme Procedure: peek-char [port] Return the next character available from PORT, _without_ updating PORT to point to the following character. If no more characters are available, the end-of-file object is returned. The value returned by a call to `peek-char' is the same as the value that would have been returned by a call to `read-char' on the same port. The only difference is that the very next call to `read-char' or `peek-char' on that PORT will return the value returned by the preceding call to `peek-char'. In particular, a call to `peek-char' on an interactive port will hang waiting for input whenever a call to `read-char' would have hung. As for `read-char', a `decoding-error' may be raised if such a situation occurs. However, unlike with `read-char', PORT still points at the beginning of the erroneous byte sequence when the error is raised. unread-char - Scheme Procedure: unread-char cobj [port] Place character COBJ in PORT so that it will be read by the next read operation. If called multiple times, the unread characters will be read again in last-in first-out order. If PORT is not supplied, the current input port is used. unread-string - Scheme Procedure: unread-string str port Place the string STR in PORT so that its characters will be read in subsequent read operations. If called multiple times, the unread characters will be read again in last-in first-out order. If PORT is not supplied, the current-input-port is used. setvbuf - Scheme Procedure: setvbuf port mode [size] Set the buffering mode for PORT. MODE can be one of the following symbols: none no buffering line line buffering block block buffering, using a newly allocated buffer of SIZE bytes. If SIZE is omitted, a default size will be used. Only certain types of ports are supported, most importantly file ports. drain-input - Scheme Procedure: drain-input port This procedure clears a port's input buffers, similar to the way that force-output clears the output buffer. The contents of the buffers are returned as a single string, e.g., (define p (open-input-file ...)) (drain-input p) => empty string, nothing buffered yet. (unread-char (read-char p) p) (drain-input p) => initial chars from p, up to the buffer size. Draining the buffers may be useful for cleanly finishing buffered I/O so that the file descriptor can be used directly for further input. force-output - Scheme Procedure: force-output [port] Flush the specified output port, or the current output port if PORT is omitted. The current output buffer contents are passed to the underlying port implementation (e.g., in the case of fports, the data will be written to the file and the output buffer will be cleared.) It has no effect on an unbuffered port. The return value is unspecified. port-clear-stream-start-for-bom-read - Scheme Procedure: port-clear-stream-start-for-bom-read port port-clear-stream-start-for-bom-write - Scheme Procedure: port-clear-stream-start-for-bom-write port [buf] port-random-access? - Scheme Procedure: port-random-access? port Return true if the port is random-access, or false otherwise. port-read-buffering - Scheme Procedure: port-read-buffering port Return the amount of read buffering on a port, in bytes. expand-port-read-buffer! - Scheme Procedure: expand-port-read-buffer! port size [putback_p] Expand the read buffer of PORT to SIZE. Copy the old buffered data, if, any, to the beginning of the new buffer, unless PUTBACK_P is true, in which case copy it to the end instead. Return the new buffer. port-read - Scheme Procedure: port-read port Return the read function for an input port. port-write - Scheme Procedure: port-write port Return the write function for an output port. port-read-buffer - Scheme Procedure: port-read-buffer port Return the read buffer for a port. port-write-buffer - Scheme Procedure: port-write-buffer port Return the write buffer for a port. port-auxiliary-write-buffer - Scheme Procedure: port-auxiliary-write-buffer port Return the auxiliary write buffer for a port. port-line-buffered? - Scheme Procedure: port-line-buffered? port Return true if the port is line buffered. port-encode-chars - Scheme Procedure: port-encode-chars port buf str start count port-encode-char - Scheme Procedure: port-encode-char port buf ch put-char - Scheme Procedure: put-char port ch Encode CH to bytes, and send those bytes to PORT. put-string - Scheme Procedure: put-string port string [start [count]] Display the COUNT characters from STRING to PORT, starting with the character at index START. START defaults to 0, and COUNT defaults to displaying all characters until the end of the string. Calling `put-string' is equivalent in all respects to calling `put-char' on the relevant sequence of characters, except that it will attempt to write multiple characters to the port at a time, even if the port is unbuffered. char-ready? - Scheme Procedure: char-ready? [port] Return `#t' if a character is ready on input PORT and return `#f' otherwise. If `char-ready?' returns `#t' then the next `read-char' operation on PORT is guaranteed not to hang. If PORT is a file port at end of file then `char-ready?' returns `#t'. `char-ready?' exists to make it possible for a program to accept characters from interactive ports without getting stuck waiting for input. Any input editors associated with such ports must make sure that characters whose existence has been asserted by `char-ready?' cannot be rubbed out. If `char-ready?' were to return `#f' at end of file, a port at end of file would be indistinguishable from an interactive port that has no ready characters. seek - Scheme Procedure: seek fd_port offset whence Sets the current position of FD_PORT to the integer OFFSET, which is interpreted according to the value of WHENCE. One of the following variables should be supplied for WHENCE: - Variable: SEEK_SET Seek from the beginning of the file. - Variable: SEEK_CUR Seek from the current position. - Variable: SEEK_END Seek from the end of the file. If FD_PORT is a file descriptor, the underlying system call is `lseek'. PORT may be a string port. The value returned is the new position in the file. This means that the current position of a port can be obtained using: (seek port 0 SEEK_CUR) truncate-file - Scheme Procedure: truncate-file object [length] Truncate file OBJECT to LENGTH bytes. OBJECT can be a filename string, a port object, or an integer file descriptor. The return value is unspecified. For a port or file descriptor LENGTH can be omitted, in which case the file is truncated at the current position (per `ftell' above). On most systems a file can be extended by giving a length greater than the current size, but this is not mandatory in the POSIX standard. port-line - Scheme Procedure: port-line port Return the current line number for PORT. The first line of a file is 0. But you might want to add 1 when printing line numbers, since starting from 1 is traditional in error messages, and likely to be more natural to non-programmers. set-port-line! - Scheme Procedure: set-port-line! port line Set the current line number for PORT to LINE. The first line of a file is 0. port-column - Scheme Procedure: port-column port Return the current column number of PORT. If the number is unknown, the result is #f. Otherwise, the result is a 0-origin integer - i.e. the first character of the first line is line 0, column 0. (However, when you display a file position, for example in an error message, we recommend you add 1 to get 1-origin integers. This is because lines and column numbers traditionally start with 1, and that is what non-programmers will find most natural.) set-port-column! - Scheme Procedure: set-port-column! port column Set the current column of PORT. Before reading the first character on a line the column should be 0. port-filename - Scheme Procedure: port-filename port Return the filename associated with PORT, or `#f' if no filename is associated with the port. set-port-filename! - Scheme Procedure: set-port-filename! port filename Change the filename associated with PORT, using the current input port if none is specified. Note that this does not change the port's source of data, but only the value that is returned by `port-filename' and reported in diagnostic output. port-for-each - Scheme Procedure: port-for-each proc Apply PROC to each port in the Guile port table in turn. The return value is unspecified. More specifically, PROC is applied exactly once to every port that exists in the system at the time `port-for-each' is invoked. Changes to the port table while `port-for-each' is running have no effect as far as `port-for-each' is concerned. flush-all-ports - Scheme Procedure: flush-all-ports Equivalent to calling `force-output' on all open output ports. The return value is unspecified. %make-void-port - Scheme Procedure: %make-void-port mode Create and return a new void port. A void port acts like `/dev/null'. The MODE argument specifies the input/output modes for this port: see the documentation for `open-file' in File Ports. print-options-interface - Scheme Procedure: print-options-interface [setting] Option interface for the print options. Instead of using this procedure directly, use the procedures `print-enable', `print-disable', `print-set!' and `print-options'. simple-format - Scheme Procedure: simple-format destination message . args Write MESSAGE to DESTINATION, defaulting to the current output port. MESSAGE can contain `~A' (was `%s') and `~S' (was `%S') escapes. When printed, the escapes are replaced with corresponding members of ARGS: `~A' formats using `display' and `~S' formats using `write'. If DESTINATION is `#t', then use the current output port, if DESTINATION is `#f', then return a string containing the formatted text. Does not add a trailing newline. newline - Scheme Procedure: newline [port] Send a newline to PORT. If PORT is omitted, send to the current output port. write-char - Scheme Procedure: write-char chr [port] Send character CHR to PORT. port-with-print-state - Scheme Procedure: port-with-print-state port [pstate] Create a new port which behaves like PORT, but with an included print state PSTATE. PSTATE is optional. If PSTATE isn't supplied and PORT already has a print state, the old print state is reused. get-print-state - Scheme Procedure: get-print-state port Return the print state of the port PORT. If PORT has no associated print state, `#f' is returned. set-procedure-minimum-arity! - Scheme Procedure: set-procedure-minimum-arity! proc req opt rest procedure-minimum-arity - Scheme Procedure: procedure-minimum-arity proc Return the "minimum arity" of a procedure. If the procedure has only one arity, that arity is returned as a list of three values: the number of required arguments, the number of optional arguments, and a boolean indicating whether or not the procedure takes rest arguments. For a case-lambda procedure, the arity returned is the one with the lowest minimum number of arguments, and the highest maximum number of arguments. If it was not possible to determine the arity of the procedure, `#f' is returned. procedure-properties - Scheme Procedure: procedure-properties proc Return PROC's property list. set-procedure-properties! - Scheme Procedure: set-procedure-properties! proc alist Set PROC's property list to ALIST. procedure-property - Scheme Procedure: procedure-property proc key Return the property of PROC with name KEY. set-procedure-property! - Scheme Procedure: set-procedure-property! proc key val In PROC's property list, set the property named KEY to VAL. procedure-name - Scheme Procedure: procedure-name proc Return the name of the procedure PROC procedure-documentation - Scheme Procedure: procedure-documentation proc Return the documentation string associated with `proc'. By convention, if a procedure contains more than one expression and the first expression is a string constant, that string is assumed to contain documentation for that procedure. procedure-source - Scheme Procedure: procedure-source proc Return the source of the procedure PROC. procedure? - Scheme Procedure: procedure? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a procedure. thunk? - Scheme Procedure: thunk? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a thunk. procedure-with-setter? - Scheme Procedure: procedure-with-setter? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a procedure with an associated setter procedure. make-procedure-with-setter - Scheme Procedure: make-procedure-with-setter procedure setter Create a new procedure which behaves like PROCEDURE, but with the associated setter SETTER. procedure - Scheme Procedure: procedure proc Return the procedure of PROC, which must be an applicable struct. setter - Scheme Procedure: setter proc Return the setter of PROC, which must be an applicable struct with a setter. make-promise - Scheme Procedure: make-promise thunk Create a new promise object. `make-promise' is a procedural form of `delay'. These two expressions are equivalent: (delay EXP) (make-promise (lambda () EXP)) force - Scheme Procedure: force promise If PROMISE has not been computed yet, compute and return PROMISE, otherwise just return the previously computed value. promise? - Scheme Procedure: promise? obj Return true if OBJ is a promise, i.e. a delayed computation (see in manual The Revised^5 Report on Scheme). eof-object - Scheme Procedure: eof-object Return the end-of-file object. open-bytevector-input-port - Scheme Procedure: open-bytevector-input-port bv [transcoder] Return an input port whose contents are drawn from bytevector BV. make-custom-binary-input-port - Scheme Procedure: make-custom-binary-input-port id read_proc get_position_proc set_position_proc close_proc Return a new custom binary input port whose input is drained by invoking READ_PROC and passing it a bytevector, an index where octets should be written, and an octet count. get-u8 - Scheme Procedure: get-u8 port Read an octet from PORT, a binary input port, blocking as necessary. lookahead-u8 - Scheme Procedure: lookahead-u8 port Like `get-u8' but does not update PORT to point past the octet. get-bytevector-n - Scheme Procedure: get-bytevector-n port count Read COUNT octets from PORT, blocking as necessary and return a bytevector containing the octets read. If fewer bytes are available, a bytevector smaller than COUNT is returned. get-bytevector-n! - Scheme Procedure: get-bytevector-n! port bv start count Read COUNT bytes from PORT and store them in BV starting at index START. Return either the number of bytes actually read or the end-of-file object. get-bytevector-some - Scheme Procedure: get-bytevector-some port Read from PORT, blocking as necessary, until bytes are available or an end-of-file is reached. Return either the end-of-file object or a new bytevector containing some of the available bytes (at least one), and update the port position to point just past these bytes. get-bytevector-some! - Scheme Procedure: get-bytevector-some! port bv start count Read up to COUNT bytes from PORT, blocking as necessary until at least one byte is available or an end-of-file is reached. Store them in BV starting at index START. Return the number of bytes actually read, or an end-of-file object. get-bytevector-all - Scheme Procedure: get-bytevector-all port Read from PORT, blocking as necessary, until the end-of-file is reached. Return either a new bytevector containing the data read or the end-of-file object (if no data were available). put-u8 - Scheme Procedure: put-u8 port octet Write OCTET to binary port PORT. put-bytevector - Scheme Procedure: put-bytevector port bv [start [count]] Write the contents of BV to PORT, optionally starting at index START and limiting to COUNT octets. unget-bytevector - Scheme Procedure: unget-bytevector port bv [start [count]] Unget the contents of BV to PORT, optionally starting at index START and limiting to COUNT octets. open-bytevector-output-port - Scheme Procedure: open-bytevector-output-port [transcoder] Return two values: an output port and a procedure. The latter should be called with zero arguments to obtain a bytevector containing the data accumulated by the port. make-custom-binary-output-port - Scheme Procedure: make-custom-binary-output-port id write_proc get_position_proc set_position_proc close_proc Return a new custom binary output port whose output is drained by invoking WRITE_PROC and passing it a bytevector, an index where octets should be written, and an octet count. make-custom-binary-input/output-port - Scheme Procedure: make-custom-binary-input/output-port id read_proc write_proc get_position_proc set_position_proc close_proc Return a new custom binary input/output port. The port's input is drained by invoking READ_PROC and passing it a bytevector, an index where octets should be written, and an octet count. The output is drained by invoking WRITE_PROC and passing it a bytevector, an index where octets should be written, and an octet count. %make-transcoded-port - Scheme Procedure: %make-transcoded-port port Return a new port which reads and writes to PORT get-string-n! - Scheme Procedure: get-string-n! port str start count Read up to COUNT characters from PORT into STR, starting at START. If no characters can be read before the end of file is encountered, the end of file object is returned. Otherwise, the number of characters read is returned. random - Scheme Procedure: random n [state] Return a number in [0, N). Accepts a positive integer or real n and returns a number of the same type between zero (inclusive) and N (exclusive). The values returned have a uniform distribution. The optional argument STATE must be of the type produced by `seed->random-state'. It defaults to the value of the variable *RANDOM-STATE*. This object is used to maintain the state of the pseudo-random-number generator and is altered as a side effect of the random operation. copy-random-state - Scheme Procedure: copy-random-state [state] Return a copy of the random state STATE. seed->random-state - Scheme Procedure: seed->random-state seed Return a new random state using SEED. datum->random-state - Scheme Procedure: datum->random-state datum Return a new random state using DATUM, which should have been obtained from `random-state->datum'. random-state->datum - Scheme Procedure: random-state->datum state Return a datum representation of STATE that may be written out and read back with the Scheme reader. random:uniform - Scheme Procedure: random:uniform [state] Return a uniformly distributed inexact real random number in [0,1). random:normal - Scheme Procedure: random:normal [state] Return an inexact real in a normal distribution. The distribution used has mean 0 and standard deviation 1. For a normal distribution with mean m and standard deviation d use `(+ m (* d (random:normal)))'. random:solid-sphere! - Scheme Procedure: random:solid-sphere! v [state] Fills VECT with inexact real random numbers the sum of whose squares is less than 1.0. Thinking of VECT as coordinates in space of dimension N = `(vector-length VECT)', the coordinates are uniformly distributed within the unit N-sphere. random:hollow-sphere! - Scheme Procedure: random:hollow-sphere! v [state] Fills vect with inexact real random numbers the sum of whose squares is equal to 1.0. Thinking of vect as coordinates in space of dimension n = (vector-length vect), the coordinates are uniformly distributed over the surface of the unit n-sphere. random:normal-vector! - Scheme Procedure: random:normal-vector! v [state] Fills vect with inexact real random numbers that are independent and standard normally distributed (i.e., with mean 0 and variance 1). random:exp - Scheme Procedure: random:exp [state] Return an inexact real in an exponential distribution with mean 1. For an exponential distribution with mean u use (* u (random:exp)). random-state-from-platform - Scheme Procedure: random-state-from-platform Construct a new random state seeded from a platform-specific source of entropy, appropriate for use in non-security-critical applications. %read-delimited! - Scheme Procedure: %read-delimited! delims str gobble [port [start [end]]] Read characters from PORT into STR until one of the characters in the DELIMS string is encountered. If GOBBLE is true, discard the delimiter character; otherwise, leave it in the input stream for the next read. If PORT is not specified, use the value of `(current-input-port)'. If START or END are specified, store data only into the substring of STR bounded by START and END (which default to the beginning and end of the string, respectively). Return a pair consisting of the delimiter that terminated the string and the number of characters read. If reading stopped at the end of file, the delimiter returned is the EOF-OBJECT; if the string was filled without encountering a delimiter, this value is `#f'. %read-line - Scheme Procedure: %read-line [port] Read a newline-terminated line from PORT, allocating storage as necessary. The newline terminator (if any) is removed from the string, and a pair consisting of the line and its delimiter is returned. The delimiter may be either a newline or the EOF-OBJECT; if `%read-line' is called at the end of file, it returns the pair `(#<eof> . #<eof>)'. write-line - Scheme Procedure: write-line obj [port] Display OBJ and a newline character to PORT. If PORT is not specified, `(current-output-port)' is used. This function is equivalent to: (display obj [port]) (newline [port]) read-options-interface - Scheme Procedure: read-options-interface [setting] Option interface for the read options. Instead of using this procedure directly, use the procedures `read-enable', `read-disable', `read-set!' and `read-options'. read - Scheme Procedure: read [port] Read an s-expression from the input port PORT, or from the current input port if PORT is not specified. Any whitespace before the next token is discarded. read-hash-extend - Scheme Procedure: read-hash-extend chr proc Install the procedure PROC for reading expressions starting with the character sequence `#' and CHR. PROC will be called with two arguments: the character CHR and the port to read further data from. The object returned will be the return value of `read'. Passing `#f' for PROC will remove a previous setting. file-encoding - Scheme Procedure: file-encoding port Scans the port for an Emacs-like character coding declaration near the top of the contents of a port with random-accessible contents. The coding declaration is of the form `coding: XXXXX' and must appear in a scheme comment. Returns a string containing the character encoding of the file if a declaration was found, or `#f' otherwise. read-string!/partial - Scheme Procedure: read-string!/partial str [port_or_fdes [start [end]]] Read characters from a port or file descriptor into a string STR. A port must have an underlying file descriptor --- a so-called fport. This procedure is scsh-compatible and can efficiently read large strings. It will: * attempt to fill the entire string, unless the START and/or END arguments are supplied. i.e., START defaults to 0 and END defaults to `(string-length str)' * use the current input port if PORT_OR_FDES is not supplied. * return fewer than the requested number of characters in some cases, e.g., on end of file, if interrupted by a signal, or if not all the characters are immediately available. * wait indefinitely for some input if no characters are currently available, unless the port is in non-blocking mode. * read characters from the port's input buffers if available, instead from the underlying file descriptor. * return `#f' if end-of-file is encountered before reading any characters, otherwise return the number of characters read. * return 0 if the port is in non-blocking mode and no characters are immediately available. * return 0 if the request is for 0 bytes, with no end-of-file check. write-string/partial - Scheme Procedure: write-string/partial str [port_or_fdes [start [end]]] Write characters from a string STR to a port or file descriptor. A port must have an underlying file descriptor --- a so-called fport. This procedure is scsh-compatible and can efficiently write large strings. It will: * attempt to write the entire string, unless the START and/or END arguments are supplied. i.e., START defaults to 0 and END defaults to `(string-length str)' * use the current output port if PORT_OF_FDES is not supplied. * in the case of a buffered port, store the characters in the port's output buffer, if all will fit. If they will not fit then any existing buffered characters will be flushed before attempting to write the new characters directly to the underlying file descriptor. If the port is in non-blocking mode and buffered characters can not be flushed immediately, then an `EAGAIN' system-error exception will be raised (Note: scsh does not support the use of non-blocking buffered ports.) * write fewer than the requested number of characters in some cases, e.g., if interrupted by a signal or if not all of the output can be accepted immediately. * wait indefinitely for at least one character from STR to be accepted by the port, unless the port is in non-blocking mode. * return the number of characters accepted by the port. * return 0 if the port is in non-blocking mode and can not accept at least one character from STR immediately * return 0 immediately if the request size is 0 bytes. sigaction - Scheme Procedure: sigaction signum [handler [flags [thread]]] Install or report the signal handler for a specified signal. SIGNUM is the signal number, which can be specified using the value of variables such as `SIGINT'. If HANDLER is omitted, `sigaction' returns a pair: the CAR is the current signal hander, which will be either an integer with the value `SIG_DFL' (default action) or `SIG_IGN' (ignore), or the Scheme procedure which handles the signal, or `#f' if a non-Scheme procedure handles the signal. The CDR contains the current `sigaction' flags for the handler. If HANDLER is provided, it is installed as the new handler for SIGNUM. HANDLER can be a Scheme procedure taking one argument, or the value of `SIG_DFL' (default action) or `SIG_IGN' (ignore), or `#f' to restore whatever signal handler was installed before `sigaction' was first used. When a scheme procedure has been specified, that procedure will run in the given THREAD. When no thread has been given, the thread that made this call to `sigaction' is used. Flags can optionally be specified for the new handler. The return value is a pair with information about the old handler as described above. This interface does not provide access to the "signal blocking" facility. Maybe this is not needed, since the thread support may provide solutions to the problem of consistent access to data structures. restore-signals - Scheme Procedure: restore-signals Return all signal handlers to the values they had before any call to `sigaction' was made. The return value is unspecified. alarm - Scheme Procedure: alarm i Set a timer to raise a `SIGALRM' signal after the specified number of seconds (an integer). It's advisable to install a signal handler for `SIGALRM' beforehand, since the default action is to terminate the process. The return value indicates the time remaining for the previous alarm, if any. The new value replaces the previous alarm. If there was no previous alarm, the return value is zero. setitimer - Scheme Procedure: setitimer which_timer interval_seconds interval_microseconds value_seconds value_microseconds Set the timer specified by WHICH_TIMER according to the given INTERVAL_SECONDS, INTERVAL_MICROSECONDS, VALUE_SECONDS, and VALUE_MICROSECONDS values. Return information about the timer's previous setting. Errors are handled as described in the guile info pages under ``POSIX Interface Conventions''. The timers available are: `ITIMER_REAL', `ITIMER_VIRTUAL', and `ITIMER_PROF'. The return value will be a list of two cons pairs representing the current state of the given timer. The first pair is the seconds and microseconds of the timer `it_interval', and the second pair is the seconds and microseconds of the timer `it_value'. `ITIMER_PROF' or `ITIMER_VIRTUAL' are not supported on some platforms and will always error. `(provided? 'ITIMER_PROF)' and `(provided? 'ITIMER_VIRTUAL)' report whether those timers are supported. getitimer - Scheme Procedure: getitimer which_timer Return information about the timer specified by WHICH_TIMER Errors are handled as described in the guile info pages under ``POSIX Interface Conventions''. The timers available are: `ITIMER_REAL', `ITIMER_VIRTUAL', and `ITIMER_PROF'. The return value will be a list of two cons pairs representing the current state of the given timer. The first pair is the seconds and microseconds of the timer `it_interval', and the second pair is the seconds and microseconds of the timer `it_value'. `ITIMER_PROF' or `ITIMER_VIRTUAL' are not supported on some platforms and will always error. `(provided? 'ITIMER_PROF)' and `(provided? 'ITIMER_VIRTUAL)' report whether those timers are supported. pause - Scheme Procedure: pause Pause the current process (thread?) until a signal arrives whose action is to either terminate the current process or invoke a handler procedure. The return value is unspecified. sleep - Scheme Procedure: sleep i Wait for the given number of seconds (an integer) or until a signal arrives. The return value is zero if the time elapses or the number of seconds remaining otherwise. See also `usleep'. usleep - Scheme Procedure: usleep i Wait the given period USECS microseconds (an integer). If a signal arrives the wait stops and the return value is the time remaining, in microseconds. If the period elapses with no signal the return is zero. On most systems the process scheduler is not microsecond accurate and the actual period slept by `usleep' may be rounded to a system clock tick boundary. Traditionally such ticks were 10 milliseconds apart, and that interval is often still used. See also `sleep'. raise - Scheme Procedure: raise sig Sends a specified signal SIG to the current process, where SIG is as described for the kill procedure. system - Scheme Procedure: system [cmd] Execute CMD using the operating system's "command processor". Under Unix this is usually the default shell `sh'. The value returned is CMD's exit status as returned by `waitpid', which can be interpreted using `status:exit-val' and friends. If `system' is called without arguments, return a boolean indicating whether the command processor is available. getenv - Scheme Procedure: getenv nam Looks up the string NAM in the current environment. The return value is `#f' unless a string of the form `NAME=VALUE' is found, in which case the string `VALUE' is returned. primitive-exit - Scheme Procedure: primitive-exit [status] Terminate the current process without unwinding the Scheme stack. The exit status is STATUS if supplied, otherwise zero. primitive-_exit - Scheme Procedure: primitive-_exit [status] Terminate the current process using the _exit() system call and without unwinding the Scheme stack. The exit status is STATUS if supplied, otherwise zero. This function is typically useful after a fork, to ensure no Scheme cleanups or `atexit' handlers are run (those usually belonging in the parent rather than the child). restricted-vector-sort! - Scheme Procedure: restricted-vector-sort! vec less startpos endpos Sort the vector VEC, using LESS for comparing the vector elements. STARTPOS (inclusively) and ENDPOS (exclusively) delimit the range of the vector which gets sorted. The return value is not specified. sorted? - Scheme Procedure: sorted? items less Return `#t' iff ITEMS is a list or vector such that, for each element X and the next element Y of ITEMS, `(LESS Y X)' returns `#f'. merge - Scheme Procedure: merge alist blist less Merge two already sorted lists into one. Given two lists ALIST and BLIST, such that `(sorted? alist less?)' and `(sorted? blist less?)', return a new list in which the elements of ALIST and BLIST have been stably interleaved so that `(sorted? (merge alist blist less?) less?)'. Note: this does _not_ accept vectors. merge! - Scheme Procedure: merge! alist blist less Takes two lists ALIST and BLIST such that `(sorted? alist less?)' and `(sorted? blist less?)' and returns a new list in which the elements of ALIST and BLIST have been stably interleaved so that `(sorted? (merge alist blist less?) less?)'. This is the destructive variant of `merge' Note: this does _not_ accept vectors. sort! - Scheme Procedure: sort! items less Sort the sequence ITEMS, which may be a list or a vector. LESS is used for comparing the sequence elements. The sorting is destructive, that means that the input sequence is modified to produce the sorted result. This is not a stable sort. sort - Scheme Procedure: sort items less Sort the sequence ITEMS, which may be a list or a vector. LESS is used for comparing the sequence elements. This is not a stable sort. stable-sort! - Scheme Procedure: stable-sort! items less Sort the sequence ITEMS, which may be a list or a vector. LESS is used for comparing the sequence elements. The sorting is destructive, that means that the input sequence is modified to produce the sorted result. This is a stable sort. stable-sort - Scheme Procedure: stable-sort items less Sort the sequence ITEMS, which may be a list or a vector. LESS is used for comparing the sequence elements. This is a stable sort. sort-list! - Scheme Procedure: sort-list! items less Sort the list ITEMS, using LESS for comparing the list elements. The sorting is destructive, that means that the input list is modified to produce the sorted result. This is a stable sort. sort-list - Scheme Procedure: sort-list items less Sort the list ITEMS, using LESS for comparing the list elements. This is a stable sort. supports-source-properties? - Scheme Procedure: supports-source-properties? obj Return #t if OBJ supports adding source properties, otherwise return #f. source-properties - Scheme Procedure: source-properties obj Return the source property association list of OBJ. set-source-properties! - Scheme Procedure: set-source-properties! obj alist Install the association list ALIST as the source property list for OBJ. source-property - Scheme Procedure: source-property obj key Return the source property specified by KEY from OBJ's source property list. set-source-property! - Scheme Procedure: set-source-property! obj key datum Set the source property of object OBJ, which is specified by KEY to DATUM. Normally, the key will be a symbol. cons-source - Scheme Procedure: cons-source xorig x y Create and return a new pair whose car and cdr are X and Y. Any source properties associated with XORIG are also associated with the new pair. append-reverse - Scheme Procedure: append-reverse revhead tail Reverse REV-HEAD, append TAIL to it, and return the result. This is equivalent to `(append (reverse REV-HEAD) TAIL)', but its implementation is more efficient. (append-reverse '(1 2 3) '(4 5 6)) ==> (3 2 1 4 5 6) append-reverse! - Scheme Procedure: append-reverse! revhead tail Reverse REV-HEAD, append TAIL to it, and return the result. This is equivalent to `(append! (reverse! REV-HEAD) TAIL)', but its implementation is more efficient. (append-reverse! (list 1 2 3) '(4 5 6)) ==> (3 2 1 4 5 6) REV-HEAD may be modified in order to produce the result. concatenate - Scheme Procedure: concatenate lstlst Construct a list by appending all lists in LSTLST. `concatenate' is the same as `(apply append LSTLST)'. It exists because some Scheme implementations have a limit on the number of arguments a function takes, which the `apply' might exceed. In Guile there is no such limit. concatenate! - Scheme Procedure: concatenate! lstlst Construct a list by appending all lists in LSTLST. Those lists may be modified to produce the result. `concatenate!' is the same as `(apply append! LSTLST)'. It exists because some Scheme implementations have a limit on the number of arguments a function takes, which the `apply' might exceed. In Guile there is no such limit. count - Scheme Procedure: count pred list1 . rest Return a count of the number of times PRED returns true when called on elements from the given lists. PRED is called with N parameters `(PRED ELEM1 ... ELEMN)', each element being from the corresponding LIST1 ... LSTN. The first call is with the first element of each list, the second with the second element from each, and so on. Counting stops when the end of the shortest list is reached. At least one list must be non-circular. delete - Scheme Procedure: delete x lst [pred] Return a list containing the elements of LST but with those equal to X deleted. The returned elements will be in the same order as they were in LST. Equality is determined by PRED, or `equal?' if not given. An equality call is made just once for each element, but the order in which the calls are made on the elements is unspecified. The equality calls are always `(pred x elem)', ie.: the given X is first. This means for instance elements greater than 5 can be deleted with `(delete 5 lst <)'. LST is not modified, but the returned list might share a common tail with LST. delete! - Scheme Procedure: delete! x lst [pred] Return a list containing the elements of LST but with those equal to X deleted. The returned elements will be in the same order as they were in LST. Equality is determined by PRED, or `equal?' if not given. An equality call is made just once for each element, but the order in which the calls are made on the elements is unspecified. The equality calls are always `(pred x elem)', ie.: the given X is first. This means for instance elements greater than 5 can be deleted with `(delete 5 lst <)'. LST may be modified to construct the returned list. delete-duplicates - Scheme Procedure: delete-duplicates lst [pred] Return a list containing the elements of LST but without duplicates. When elements are equal, only the first in LST is retained. Equal elements can be anywhere in LST, they don't have to be adjacent. The returned list will have the retained elements in the same order as they were in LST. Equality is determined by PRED, or `equal?' if not given. Calls `(pred x y)' are made with element X being before Y in LST. A call is made at most once for each combination, but the sequence of the calls across the elements is unspecified. LST is not modified, but the return might share a common tail with LST. In the worst case, this is an O(N^2) algorithm because it must check each element against all those preceding it. For long lists it is more efficient to sort and then compare only adjacent elements. delete-duplicates! - Scheme Procedure: delete-duplicates! lst [pred] Return a list containing the elements of LST but without duplicates. When elements are equal, only the first in LST is retained. Equal elements can be anywhere in LST, they don't have to be adjacent. The returned list will have the retained elements in the same order as they were in LST. Equality is determined by PRED, or `equal?' if not given. Calls `(pred x y)' are made with element X being before Y in LST. A call is made at most once for each combination, but the sequence of the calls across the elements is unspecified. LST may be modified to construct the returned list. In the worst case, this is an O(N^2) algorithm because it must check each element against all those preceding it. For long lists it is more efficient to sort and then compare only adjacent elements. find - Scheme Procedure: find pred lst Return the first element of LST which satisfies the predicate PRED, or return `#f' if no such element is found. find-tail - Scheme Procedure: find-tail pred lst Return the first pair of LST whose CAR satisfies the predicate PRED, or return `#f' if no such element is found. length+ - Scheme Procedure: length+ lst Return the length of LST, or `#f' if LST is circular. list-copy - Scheme Procedure: list-copy lst Return a copy of the given list LST. LST can be a proper or improper list. And if LST is not a pair then it's treated as the final tail of an improper list and simply returned. lset-difference! - Scheme Procedure: lset-difference! equal lst . rest Return LST with any elements in the lists in REST removed (ie.: subtracted). For only one LST argument, just that list is returned. The given EQUAL procedure is used for comparing elements, called as `(EQUAL elem1 elemN)'. The first argument is from LST and the second from one of the subsequent lists. But exactly which calls are made and in what order is unspecified. (lset-difference! eqv? (list 'x 'y)) ==> (x y) (lset-difference! eqv? (list 1 2 3) '(3 1)) ==> (2) (lset-difference! eqv? (list 1 2 3) '(3) '(2)) ==> (1) `lset-difference!' may modify LST to form its result. assoc - Scheme Procedure: assoc key alist [pred] Behaves like `assq' but uses third argument PRED for key comparison. If PRED is not supplied, `equal?' is used. (Extended from R5RS.) partition - Scheme Procedure: partition pred list Partition the elements of LIST with predicate PRED. Return two values: the list of elements satisfying PRED and the list of elements _not_ satisfying PRED. The order of the output lists follows the order of LIST. LIST is not mutated. One of the output lists may share memory with LIST. partition! - Scheme Procedure: partition! pred lst Split LST into those elements which do and don't satisfy the predicate PRED. The return is two values (see Multiple Values), the first being a list of all elements from LST which satisfy PRED, the second a list of those which do not. The elements in the result lists are in the same order as in LST but the order in which the calls `(PRED elem)' are made on the list elements is unspecified. LST may be modified to construct the return lists. remove - Scheme Procedure: remove pred list Return a list containing all elements from LIST which do not satisfy the predicate PRED. The elements in the result list have the same order as in LIST. The order in which PRED is applied to the list elements is not specified. remove! - Scheme Procedure: remove! pred list Return a list containing all elements from LIST which do not satisfy the predicate PRED. The elements in the result list have the same order as in LIST. The order in which PRED is applied to the list elements is not specified. LIST may be modified to build the return list. make-srfi-4-vector - Scheme Procedure: make-srfi-4-vector type len [fill] Make a srfi-4 vector string-null? - Scheme Procedure: string-null? str Return `#t' if STR's length is zero, and `#f' otherwise. (string-null? "") ==> #t y ==> "foo" (string-null? y) ==> #f string-any-c-code - Scheme Procedure: string-any-c-code char_pred s [start [end]] Check if CHAR_PRED is true for any character in string S. CHAR_PRED can be a character to check for any equal to that, or a character set (see Character Sets) to check for any in that set, or a predicate procedure to call. For a procedure, calls `(CHAR_PRED c)' are made successively on the characters from START to END. If CHAR_PRED returns true (ie.: non-`#f'), `string-any' stops and that return value is the return from `string-any'. The call on the last character (ie.: at END-1), if that point is reached, is a tail call. If there are no characters in S (ie.: START equals END) then the return is `#f'. string-every-c-code - Scheme Procedure: string-every-c-code char_pred s [start [end]] Check if CHAR_PRED is true for every character in string S. CHAR_PRED can be a character to check for every character equal to that, or a character set (see Character Sets) to check for every character being in that set, or a predicate procedure to call. For a procedure, calls `(CHAR_PRED c)' are made successively on the characters from START to END. If CHAR_PRED returns `#f', `string-every' stops and returns `#f'. The call on the last character (ie.: at END-1), if that point is reached, is a tail call and the return from that call is the return from `string-every'. If there are no characters in S (ie.: START equals END) then the return is `#t'. string-tabulate - Scheme Procedure: string-tabulate proc len PROC is an integer->char procedure. Construct a string of size LEN by applying PROC to each index to produce the corresponding string element. The order in which PROC is applied to the indices is not specified. string->list - Scheme Procedure: string->list str [start [end]] Convert the string STR into a list of characters. reverse-list->string - Scheme Procedure: reverse-list->string chrs An efficient implementation of `(compose string->list reverse)': (reverse-list->string '(#\a #\B #\c)) ==> "cBa" string-join - Scheme Procedure: string-join ls [delimiter [grammar]] Append the string in the string list LS, using the string DELIMITER as a delimiter between the elements of LS. GRAMMAR is a symbol which specifies how the delimiter is placed between the strings, and defaults to the symbol `infix'. infix Insert the separator between list elements. An empty string will produce an empty list. strict-infix Like `infix', but will raise an error if given the empty list. suffix Insert the separator after every list element. prefix Insert the separator before each list element. string-copy - Scheme Procedure: string-copy str [start [end]] Return a freshly allocated copy of the string STR. If given, START and END delimit the portion of STR which is copied. string-copy! - Scheme Procedure: string-copy! target tstart s [start [end]] Copy the sequence of characters from index range [START, END) in string S to string TARGET, beginning at index TSTART. The characters are copied left-to-right or right-to-left as needed -- the copy is guaranteed to work, even if TARGET and S are the same string. It is an error if the copy operation runs off the end of the target string. substring-move! - Scheme Procedure: substring-move! str1 start1 end1 str2 start2 Copy the substring of STR1 bounded by START1 and END1 into STR2 beginning at position START2. STR1 and STR2 can be the same string. string-take - Scheme Procedure: string-take s n Return the N first characters of S. string-drop - Scheme Procedure: string-drop s n Return all but the first N characters of S. string-take-right - Scheme Procedure: string-take-right s n Return the N last characters of S. string-drop-right - Scheme Procedure: string-drop-right s n Return all but the last N characters of S. string-pad - Scheme Procedure: string-pad s len [chr [start [end]]] Take that characters from START to END from the string S and return a new string, right-padded by the character CHR to length LEN. If the resulting string is longer than LEN, it is truncated on the right. string-pad-right - Scheme Procedure: string-pad-right s len [chr [start [end]]] Take that characters from START to END from the string S and return a new string, left-padded by the character CHR to length LEN. If the resulting string is longer than LEN, it is truncated on the left. string-trim - Scheme Procedure: string-trim s [char_pred [start [end]]] Trim S by skipping over all characters on the left that satisfy the parameter CHAR_PRED: * if it is the character CH, characters equal to CH are trimmed, * if it is a procedure PRED characters that satisfy PRED are trimmed, * if it is a character set, characters in that set are trimmed. If called without a CHAR_PRED argument, all whitespace is trimmed. string-trim-right - Scheme Procedure: string-trim-right s [char_pred [start [end]]] Trim S by skipping over all characters on the right that satisfy the parameter CHAR_PRED: * if it is the character CH, characters equal to CH are trimmed, * if it is a procedure PRED characters that satisfy PRED are trimmed, * if it is a character sets, all characters in that set are trimmed. If called without a CHAR_PRED argument, all whitespace is trimmed. string-trim-both - Scheme Procedure: string-trim-both s [char_pred [start [end]]] Trim S by skipping over all characters on both sides of the string that satisfy the parameter CHAR_PRED: * if it is the character CH, characters equal to CH are trimmed, * if it is a procedure PRED characters that satisfy PRED are trimmed, * if it is a character set, the characters in the set are trimmed. If called without a CHAR_PRED argument, all whitespace is trimmed. string-fill! - Scheme Procedure: string-fill! str chr [start [end]] Stores CHR in every element of the given STR and returns an unspecified value. string-compare - Scheme Procedure: string-compare s1 s2 proc_lt proc_eq proc_gt [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Apply PROC_LT, PROC_EQ, PROC_GT to the mismatch index, depending upon whether S1 is less than, equal to, or greater than S2. The mismatch index is the largest index I such that for every 0 <= J < I, S1[J] = S2[J] -- that is, I is the first position that does not match. string-compare-ci - Scheme Procedure: string-compare-ci s1 s2 proc_lt proc_eq proc_gt [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Apply PROC_LT, PROC_EQ, PROC_GT to the mismatch index, depending upon whether S1 is less than, equal to, or greater than S2. The mismatch index is the largest index I such that for every 0 <= J < I, S1[J] = S2[J] -- that is, I is the first position where the lowercased letters do not match. string= - Scheme Procedure: string= s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 and S2 are not equal, a true value otherwise. string<> - Scheme Procedure: string<> s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 and S2 are equal, a true value otherwise. string< - Scheme Procedure: string< s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is greater or equal to S2, a true value otherwise. string> - Scheme Procedure: string> s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is less or equal to S2, a true value otherwise. string<= - Scheme Procedure: string<= s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is greater to S2, a true value otherwise. string>= - Scheme Procedure: string>= s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is less to S2, a true value otherwise. string-ci= - Scheme Procedure: string-ci= s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 and S2 are not equal, a true value otherwise. The character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-ci<> - Scheme Procedure: string-ci<> s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 and S2 are equal, a true value otherwise. The character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-ci< - Scheme Procedure: string-ci< s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is greater or equal to S2, a true value otherwise. The character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-ci> - Scheme Procedure: string-ci> s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is less or equal to S2, a true value otherwise. The character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-ci<= - Scheme Procedure: string-ci<= s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is greater to S2, a true value otherwise. The character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-ci>= - Scheme Procedure: string-ci>= s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return `#f' if S1 is less to S2, a true value otherwise. The character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-hash - Scheme Procedure: string-hash s [bound [start [end]]] Compute a hash value for S. the optional argument BOUND is a non-negative exact integer specifying the range of the hash function. A positive value restricts the return value to the range [0,bound). string-hash-ci - Scheme Procedure: string-hash-ci s [bound [start [end]]] Compute a hash value for S. the optional argument BOUND is a non-negative exact integer specifying the range of the hash function. A positive value restricts the return value to the range [0,bound). string-prefix-length - Scheme Procedure: string-prefix-length s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return the length of the longest common prefix of the two strings. string-prefix-length-ci - Scheme Procedure: string-prefix-length-ci s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return the length of the longest common prefix of the two strings, ignoring character case. string-suffix-length - Scheme Procedure: string-suffix-length s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return the length of the longest common suffix of the two strings. string-suffix-length-ci - Scheme Procedure: string-suffix-length-ci s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return the length of the longest common suffix of the two strings, ignoring character case. string-prefix? - Scheme Procedure: string-prefix? s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Is S1 a prefix of S2? string-prefix-ci? - Scheme Procedure: string-prefix-ci? s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Is S1 a prefix of S2, ignoring character case? string-suffix? - Scheme Procedure: string-suffix? s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Is S1 a suffix of S2? string-suffix-ci? - Scheme Procedure: string-suffix-ci? s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Is S1 a suffix of S2, ignoring character case? string-index - Scheme Procedure: string-index s char_pred [start [end]] Search through the string S from left to right, returning the index of the first occurrence of a character which * equals CHAR_PRED, if it is character, * satisfies the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure, * is in the set CHAR_PRED, if it is a character set. Return `#f' if no match is found. string-index-right - Scheme Procedure: string-index-right s char_pred [start [end]] Search through the string S from right to left, returning the index of the last occurrence of a character which * equals CHAR_PRED, if it is character, * satisfies the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure, * is in the set if CHAR_PRED is a character set. Return `#f' if no match is found. string-rindex - Scheme Procedure: string-rindex s char_pred [start [end]] Search through the string S from right to left, returning the index of the last occurrence of a character which * equals CHAR_PRED, if it is character, * satisfies the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure, * is in the set if CHAR_PRED is a character set. Return `#f' if no match is found. string-skip - Scheme Procedure: string-skip s char_pred [start [end]] Search through the string S from left to right, returning the index of the first occurrence of a character which * does not equal CHAR_PRED, if it is character, * does not satisfy the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure, * is not in the set if CHAR_PRED is a character set. string-skip-right - Scheme Procedure: string-skip-right s char_pred [start [end]] Search through the string S from right to left, returning the index of the last occurrence of a character which * does not equal CHAR_PRED, if it is character, * does not satisfy the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure, * is not in the set if CHAR_PRED is a character set. string-count - Scheme Procedure: string-count s char_pred [start [end]] Return the count of the number of characters in the string S which * equals CHAR_PRED, if it is character, * satisfies the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure. * is in the set CHAR_PRED, if it is a character set. string-contains - Scheme Procedure: string-contains s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Does string S1 contain string S2? Return the index in S1 where S2 occurs as a substring, or false. The optional start/end indices restrict the operation to the indicated substrings. string-contains-ci - Scheme Procedure: string-contains-ci s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Does string S1 contain string S2? Return the index in S1 where S2 occurs as a substring, or false. The optional start/end indices restrict the operation to the indicated substrings. Character comparison is done case-insensitively. string-upcase! - Scheme Procedure: string-upcase! str [start [end]] Destructively upcase every character in `str'. (string-upcase! y) ==> "ARRDEFG" y ==> "ARRDEFG" string-upcase - Scheme Procedure: string-upcase str [start [end]] Upcase every character in `str'. string-downcase! - Scheme Procedure: string-downcase! str [start [end]] Destructively downcase every character in STR. y ==> "ARRDEFG" (string-downcase! y) ==> "arrdefg" y ==> "arrdefg" string-downcase - Scheme Procedure: string-downcase str [start [end]] Downcase every character in STR. string-titlecase! - Scheme Procedure: string-titlecase! str [start [end]] Destructively titlecase every first character in a word in STR. string-titlecase - Scheme Procedure: string-titlecase str [start [end]] Titlecase every first character in a word in STR. string-capitalize! - Scheme Procedure: string-capitalize! str Upcase the first character of every word in STR destructively and return STR. y ==> "hello world" (string-capitalize! y) ==> "Hello World" y ==> "Hello World" string-capitalize - Scheme Procedure: string-capitalize str Return a freshly allocated string with the characters in STR, where the first character of every word is capitalized. string-reverse - Scheme Procedure: string-reverse str [start [end]] Reverse the string STR. The optional arguments START and END delimit the region of STR to operate on. string-reverse! - Scheme Procedure: string-reverse! str [start [end]] Reverse the string STR in-place. The optional arguments START and END delimit the region of STR to operate on. The return value is unspecified. string-append/shared - Scheme Procedure: string-append/shared . rest Like `string-append', but the result may share memory with the argument strings. string-concatenate - Scheme Procedure: string-concatenate ls Append the elements of LS (which must be strings) together into a single string. Guaranteed to return a freshly allocated string. string-concatenate-reverse - Scheme Procedure: string-concatenate-reverse ls [final_string [end]] Without optional arguments, this procedure is equivalent to (string-concatenate (reverse ls)) If the optional argument FINAL_STRING is specified, it is consed onto the beginning to LS before performing the list-reverse and string-concatenate operations. If END is given, only the characters of FINAL_STRING up to index END are used. Guaranteed to return a freshly allocated string. string-concatenate/shared - Scheme Procedure: string-concatenate/shared ls Like `string-concatenate', but the result may share memory with the strings in the list LS. string-concatenate-reverse/shared - Scheme Procedure: string-concatenate-reverse/shared ls [final_string [end]] Like `string-concatenate-reverse', but the result may share memory with the strings in the LS arguments. string-map - Scheme Procedure: string-map proc s [start [end]] PROC is a char->char procedure, it is mapped over S. The order in which the procedure is applied to the string elements is not specified. string-map! - Scheme Procedure: string-map! proc s [start [end]] PROC is a char->char procedure, it is mapped over S. The order in which the procedure is applied to the string elements is not specified. The string S is modified in-place, the return value is not specified. string-fold - Scheme Procedure: string-fold kons knil s [start [end]] Fold KONS over the characters of S, with KNIL as the terminating element, from left to right. KONS must expect two arguments: The actual character and the last result of KONS' application. string-fold-right - Scheme Procedure: string-fold-right kons knil s [start [end]] Fold KONS over the characters of S, with KNIL as the terminating element, from right to left. KONS must expect two arguments: The actual character and the last result of KONS' application. string-unfold - Scheme Procedure: string-unfold p f g seed [base [make_final]] * G is used to generate a series of _seed_ values from the initial SEED: SEED, (G SEED), (G^2 SEED), (G^3 SEED), ... * P tells us when to stop -- when it returns true when applied to one of these seed values. * F maps each seed value to the corresponding character in the result string. These chars are assembled into the string in a left-to-right order. * BASE is the optional initial/leftmost portion of the constructed string; it default to the empty string. * MAKE_FINAL is applied to the terminal seed value (on which P returns true) to produce the final/rightmost portion of the constructed string. It defaults to `(lambda (x) )'. string-unfold-right - Scheme Procedure: string-unfold-right p f g seed [base [make_final]] * G is used to generate a series of _seed_ values from the initial SEED: SEED, (G SEED), (G^2 SEED), (G^3 SEED), ... * P tells us when to stop -- when it returns true when applied to one of these seed values. * F maps each seed value to the corresponding character in the result string. These chars are assembled into the string in a right-to-left order. * BASE is the optional initial/rightmost portion of the constructed string; it default to the empty string. * MAKE_FINAL is applied to the terminal seed value (on which P returns true) to produce the final/leftmost portion of the constructed string. It defaults to `(lambda (x) )'. string-for-each - Scheme Procedure: string-for-each proc s [start [end]] PROC is mapped over S in left-to-right order. The return value is not specified. string-for-each-index - Scheme Procedure: string-for-each-index proc s [start [end]] Call `(PROC i)' for each index i in S, from left to right. For example, to change characters to alternately upper and lower case, (define str (string-copy "studly")) (string-for-each-index (lambda (i) (string-set! str i ((if (even? i) char-upcase char-downcase) (string-ref str i)))) str) str ==> "StUdLy" xsubstring - Scheme Procedure: xsubstring s from [to [start [end]]] This is the _extended substring_ procedure that implements replicated copying of a substring of some string. S is a string, START and END are optional arguments that demarcate a substring of S, defaulting to 0 and the length of S. Replicate this substring up and down index space, in both the positive and negative directions. `xsubstring' returns the substring of this string beginning at index FROM, and ending at TO, which defaults to FROM + (END - START). string-xcopy! - Scheme Procedure: string-xcopy! target tstart s sfrom [sto [start [end]]] Exactly the same as `xsubstring', but the extracted text is written into the string TARGET starting at index TSTART. The operation is not defined if `(eq? TARGET S)' or these arguments share storage -- you cannot copy a string on top of itself. string-replace - Scheme Procedure: string-replace s1 s2 [start1 [end1 [start2 [end2]]]] Return the string S1, but with the characters START1 ... END1 replaced by the characters START2 ... END2 from S2. string-tokenize - Scheme Procedure: string-tokenize s [token_set [start [end]]] Split the string S into a list of substrings, where each substring is a maximal non-empty contiguous sequence of characters from the character set TOKEN_SET, which defaults to `char-set:graphic'. If START or END indices are provided, they restrict `string-tokenize' to operating on the indicated substring of S. string-split - Scheme Procedure: string-split str char_pred Split the string STR into a list of the substrings delimited by appearances of characters that * equal CHAR_PRED, if it is a character, * satisfy the predicate CHAR_PRED, if it is a procedure, * are in the set CHAR_PRED, if it is a character set. Note that an empty substring between separator characters will result in an empty string in the result list. (string-split "root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash" #\:) ==> ("root" "x" "0" "0" "root" "/root" "/bin/bash") (string-split "::" #\:) ==> ("" "" "") (string-split "" #\:) ==> ("") string-filter - Scheme Procedure: string-filter char_pred s [start [end]] Filter the string S, retaining only those characters which satisfy CHAR_PRED. If CHAR_PRED is a procedure, it is applied to each character as a predicate, if it is a character, it is tested for equality and if it is a character set, it is tested for membership. string-delete - Scheme Procedure: string-delete char_pred s [start [end]] Delete characters satisfying CHAR_PRED from S. If CHAR_PRED is a procedure, it is applied to each character as a predicate, if it is a character, it is tested for equality and if it is a character set, it is tested for membership. char-set? - Scheme Procedure: char-set? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a character set, `#f' otherwise. char-set= - Scheme Procedure: char-set= . char_sets Return `#t' if all given character sets are equal. char-set<= - Scheme Procedure: char-set<= . char_sets Return `#t' if every character set CHAR_SETi is a subset of character set CHAR_SETi+1. char-set-hash - Scheme Procedure: char-set-hash cs [bound] Compute a hash value for the character set CS. If BOUND is given and non-zero, it restricts the returned value to the range 0 ... BOUND - 1. char-set-cursor - Scheme Procedure: char-set-cursor cs Return a cursor into the character set CS. char-set-ref - Scheme Procedure: char-set-ref cs cursor Return the character at the current cursor position CURSOR in the character set CS. It is an error to pass a cursor for which `end-of-char-set?' returns true. char-set-cursor-next - Scheme Procedure: char-set-cursor-next cs cursor Advance the character set cursor CURSOR to the next character in the character set CS. It is an error if the cursor given satisfies `end-of-char-set?'. end-of-char-set? - Scheme Procedure: end-of-char-set? cursor Return `#t' if CURSOR has reached the end of a character set, `#f' otherwise. char-set-fold - Scheme Procedure: char-set-fold kons knil cs Fold the procedure KONS over the character set CS, initializing it with KNIL. char-set-unfold - Scheme Procedure: char-set-unfold p f g seed [base_cs] This is a fundamental constructor for character sets. * G is used to generate a series of ``seed'' values from the initial seed: SEED, (G SEED), (G^2 SEED), (G^3 SEED), ... * P tells us when to stop -- when it returns true when applied to one of the seed values. * F maps each seed value to a character. These characters are added to the base character set BASE_CS to form the result; BASE_CS defaults to the empty set. char-set-unfold! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-unfold! p f g seed base_cs This is a fundamental constructor for character sets. * G is used to generate a series of ``seed'' values from the initial seed: SEED, (G SEED), (G^2 SEED), (G^3 SEED), ... * P tells us when to stop -- when it returns true when applied to one of the seed values. * F maps each seed value to a character. These characters are added to the base character set BASE_CS to form the result; BASE_CS defaults to the empty set. char-set-for-each - Scheme Procedure: char-set-for-each proc cs Apply PROC to every character in the character set CS. The return value is not specified. char-set-map - Scheme Procedure: char-set-map proc cs Map the procedure PROC over every character in CS. PROC must be a character -> character procedure. char-set-copy - Scheme Procedure: char-set-copy cs Return a newly allocated character set containing all characters in CS. char-set - Scheme Procedure: char-set . rest Return a character set containing all given characters. list->char-set - Scheme Procedure: list->char-set list [base_cs] Convert the character list LIST to a character set. If the character set BASE_CS is given, the character in this set are also included in the result. list->char-set! - Scheme Procedure: list->char-set! list base_cs Convert the character list LIST to a character set. The characters are added to BASE_CS and BASE_CS is returned. string->char-set - Scheme Procedure: string->char-set str [base_cs] Convert the string STR to a character set. If the character set BASE_CS is given, the characters in this set are also included in the result. string->char-set! - Scheme Procedure: string->char-set! str base_cs Convert the string STR to a character set. The characters from the string are added to BASE_CS, and BASE_CS is returned. char-set-filter - Scheme Procedure: char-set-filter pred cs [base_cs] Return a character set containing every character from CS so that it satisfies PRED. If provided, the characters from BASE_CS are added to the result. char-set-filter! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-filter! pred cs base_cs Return a character set containing every character from CS so that it satisfies PRED. The characters are added to BASE_CS and BASE_CS is returned. ucs-range->char-set - Scheme Procedure: ucs-range->char-set lower upper [error [base_cs]] Return a character set containing all characters whose character codes lie in the half-open range [LOWER,UPPER). If ERROR is a true value, an error is signalled if the specified range contains characters which are not valid Unicode code points. If ERROR is `#f', these characters are silently left out of the resulting character set. The characters in BASE_CS are added to the result, if given. ucs-range->char-set! - Scheme Procedure: ucs-range->char-set! lower upper error base_cs Return a character set containing all characters whose character codes lie in the half-open range [LOWER,UPPER). If ERROR is a true value, an error is signalled if the specified range contains characters which are not contained in the implemented character range. If ERROR is `#f', these characters are silently left out of the resulting character set. The characters are added to BASE_CS and BASE_CS is returned. ->char-set - Scheme Procedure: ->char-set x Coerces x into a char-set. X may be a string, character or char-set. A string is converted to the set of its constituent characters; a character is converted to a singleton set; a char-set is returned as-is. char-set-size - Scheme Procedure: char-set-size cs Return the number of elements in character set CS. char-set-count - Scheme Procedure: char-set-count pred cs Return the number of the elements int the character set CS which satisfy the predicate PRED. char-set->list - Scheme Procedure: char-set->list cs Return a list containing the elements of the character set CS. char-set->string - Scheme Procedure: char-set->string cs Return a string containing the elements of the character set CS. The order in which the characters are placed in the string is not defined. char-set-contains? - Scheme Procedure: char-set-contains? cs ch Return `#t' iff the character CH is contained in the character set CS. char-set-every - Scheme Procedure: char-set-every pred cs Return a true value if every character in the character set CS satisfies the predicate PRED. char-set-any - Scheme Procedure: char-set-any pred cs Return a true value if any character in the character set CS satisfies the predicate PRED. char-set-adjoin - Scheme Procedure: char-set-adjoin cs . rest Add all character arguments to the first argument, which must be a character set. char-set-delete - Scheme Procedure: char-set-delete cs . rest Delete all character arguments from the first argument, which must be a character set. char-set-adjoin! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-adjoin! cs . rest Add all character arguments to the first argument, which must be a character set. char-set-delete! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-delete! cs . rest Delete all character arguments from the first argument, which must be a character set. char-set-complement - Scheme Procedure: char-set-complement cs Return the complement of the character set CS. char-set-union - Scheme Procedure: char-set-union . rest Return the union of all argument character sets. char-set-intersection - Scheme Procedure: char-set-intersection . rest Return the intersection of all argument character sets. char-set-difference - Scheme Procedure: char-set-difference cs1 . rest Return the difference of all argument character sets. char-set-xor - Scheme Procedure: char-set-xor . rest Return the exclusive-or of all argument character sets. char-set-diff+intersection - Scheme Procedure: char-set-diff+intersection cs1 . rest Return the difference and the intersection of all argument character sets. char-set-complement! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-complement! cs Return the complement of the character set CS. char-set-union! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-union! cs1 . rest Return the union of all argument character sets. char-set-intersection! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-intersection! cs1 . rest Return the intersection of all argument character sets. char-set-difference! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-difference! cs1 . rest Return the difference of all argument character sets. char-set-xor! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-xor! cs1 . rest Return the exclusive-or of all argument character sets. char-set-diff+intersection! - Scheme Procedure: char-set-diff+intersection! cs1 cs2 . rest Return the difference and the intersection of all argument character sets. %char-set-dump - Scheme Procedure: %char-set-dump charset Returns an association list containing debugging information for CHARSET. The association list has the following entries. char-set The char-set itself. len The number of character ranges the char-set contains ranges A list of lists where each sublist a range of code points and their associated characters log2-binary-factors - Scheme Procedure: log2-binary-factors n Return a count of how many factors of 2 are present in N. This is also the bit index of the lowest 1 bit in N. If N is 0, the return is -1. (log2-binary-factors 6) ==> 1 (log2-binary-factors -8) ==> 3 copy-bit - Scheme Procedure: copy-bit index n newbit Return N with the bit at INDEX set according to NEWBIT. NEWBIT should be `#t' to set the bit to 1, or `#f' to set it to 0. Bits other than at INDEX are unchanged in the return. (copy-bit 1 #b0101 #t) ==> 7 rotate-bit-field - Scheme Procedure: rotate-bit-field n count start end Return N with the bit field from START (inclusive) to END (exclusive) rotated upwards by COUNT bits. COUNT can be positive or negative, and it can be more than the field width (it'll be reduced modulo the width). (rotate-bit-field #b0110 2 1 4) ==> #b1010 reverse-bit-field - Scheme Procedure: reverse-bit-field n start end Return N with the bits between START (inclusive) to END (exclusive) reversed. (reverse-bit-field #b101001 2 4) ==> #b100101 integer->list - Scheme Procedure: integer->list n [len] Return bits from N in the form of a list of `#t' for 1 and `#f' for 0. The least significant LEN bits are returned, and the first list element is the most significant of those bits. If LEN is not given, the default is `(integer-length N)' (see Bitwise Operations). (integer->list 6) ==> (#t #t #f) (integer->list 1 4) ==> (#f #f #f #t) list->integer - Scheme Procedure: list->integer lst Return an integer formed bitwise from the given LST list of booleans. Each boolean is `#t' for a 1 and `#f' for a 0. The first element becomes the most significant bit in the return. (list->integer '(#t #f #t #f)) ==> 10 booleans->integer - Scheme Procedure: booleans->integer implemented by the C function "scm_srfi60_list_to_integer" %get-stack-size - Scheme Procedure: %get-stack-size Return the current thread's C stack size (in Scheme objects). stack? - Scheme Procedure: stack? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a calling stack. make-stack - Scheme Procedure: make-stack obj . args Create a new stack. If OBJ is `#t', the current evaluation stack is used for creating the stack frames, otherwise the frames are taken from OBJ (which must be a continuation or a frame object). ARGS should be a list containing any combination of integer, procedure, address range, prompt tag and `#t' values. These values specify various ways of cutting away uninteresting stack frames from the top and bottom of the stack that `make-stack' returns. They come in pairs like this: `(INNER_CUT_1 OUTER_CUT_1 INNER_CUT_2 OUTER_CUT_2 ...)'. Each INNER_CUT_I can be an integer, a procedure, an address range, or a prompt tag. An integer means to cut away exactly that number of frames. A procedure means to cut away all frames up to but excluding the frame whose procedure matches the specified one. An address range is a pair of integers indicating the low and high addresses of a procedure's code, and is the same as cutting away to a procedure (though with less work). Anything else is interpreted as a prompt tag which cuts away all frames that are inside a prompt with the given tag. Each OUTER_CUT_I can be an integer, a procedure, an address range, or a prompt tag. An integer means to cut away that number of frames. A procedure means to cut away frames down to but excluding the frame whose procedure matches the specified one. An address range is the same, but with the procedure's code specified as an address range. Anything else is taken to be a prompt tag, which cuts away all frames that are outside a prompt with the given tag. If the OUTER_CUT_I of the last pair is missing, it is taken as 0. stack-id - Scheme Procedure: stack-id stack Return the identifier given to STACK by `start-stack'. stack-ref - Scheme Procedure: stack-ref stack index Return the INDEX'th frame from STACK. stack-length - Scheme Procedure: stack-length stack Return the length of STACK. get-internal-real-time - Scheme Procedure: get-internal-real-time Return the number of time units since the interpreter was started. times - Scheme Procedure: times Return an object with information about real and processor time. The following procedures accept such an object as an argument and return a selected component: tms:clock The current real time, expressed as time units relative to an arbitrary base. tms:utime The CPU time units used by the calling process. tms:stime The CPU time units used by the system on behalf of the calling process. tms:cutime The CPU time units used by terminated child processes of the calling process, whose status has been collected (e.g., using `waitpid'). tms:cstime Similarly, the CPU times units used by the system on behalf of terminated child processes. get-internal-run-time - Scheme Procedure: get-internal-run-time Return the number of time units of processor time used by the interpreter. Both _system_ and _user_ time are included but subprocesses are not. current-time - Scheme Procedure: current-time Return the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, excluding leap seconds. gettimeofday - Scheme Procedure: gettimeofday Return a pair containing the number of seconds and microseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, excluding leap seconds. Note: whether true microsecond resolution is available depends on the operating system. localtime - Scheme Procedure: localtime time [zone] Return an object representing the broken down components of TIME, an integer like the one returned by `current-time'. The time zone for the calculation is optionally specified by ZONE (a string), otherwise the `TZ' environment variable or the system default is used. gmtime - Scheme Procedure: gmtime time Return an object representing the broken down components of TIME, an integer like the one returned by `current-time'. The values are calculated for UTC. mktime - Scheme Procedure: mktime sbd_time [zone] SBD_TIME is an object representing broken down time and `zone' is an optional time zone specifier (otherwise the TZ environment variable or the system default is used). Returns a pair: the car is a corresponding integer time value like that returned by `current-time'; the cdr is a broken down time object, similar to as SBD_TIME but with normalized values. tzset - Scheme Procedure: tzset Initialize the timezone from the TZ environment variable or the system default. It's not usually necessary to call this procedure since it's done automatically by other procedures that depend on the timezone. strftime - Scheme Procedure: strftime format stime Return a string which is broken-down time structure STIME formatted according to the given FORMAT string. FORMAT contains field specifications introduced by a `%' character. See Formatting Calendar Time in manual The GNU C Library Reference Manual, or `man 3 strftime', for the available formatting. (strftime "%c" (localtime (current-time))) ==> "Mon Mar 11 20:17:43 2002" If `setlocale' has been called (see Locales), month and day names are from the current locale and in the locale character set. strptime - Scheme Procedure: strptime format string Performs the reverse action to `strftime', parsing STRING according to the specification supplied in FORMAT. The interpretation of month and day names is dependent on the current locale. The value returned is a pair. The car has an object with time components in the form returned by `localtime' or `gmtime', but the time zone components are not usefully set. The cdr reports the number of characters from STRING which were used for the conversion. %string-dump - Scheme Procedure: %string-dump str Returns an association list containing debugging information for STR. The association list has the following entries. string The string itself. start The start index of the string into its stringbuf length The length of the string shared If this string is a substring, it returns its parent string. Otherwise, it returns `#f' read-only `#t' if the string is read-only stringbuf-chars A new string containing this string's stringbuf's characters stringbuf-length The number of characters in this stringbuf stringbuf-mutable `#t' if this stringbuf is mutable stringbuf-wide `#t' if this stringbuf's characters are stored in a 32-bit buffer, or `#f' if they are stored in an 8-bit buffer %symbol-dump - Scheme Procedure: %symbol-dump sym Returns an association list containing debugging information for SYM. The association list has the following entries. symbol The symbol itself hash Its hash value interned `#t' if it is an interned symbol stringbuf-chars A new string containing this symbols's stringbuf's characters stringbuf-length The number of characters in this stringbuf stringbuf-mutable `#t' if this stringbuf is mutable stringbuf-wide `#t' if this stringbuf's characters are stored in a 32-bit buffer, or `#f' if they are stored in an 8-bit buffer string? - Scheme Procedure: string? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a string, else `#f'. list->string - Scheme Procedure: list->string implemented by the C function "scm_string" string - Scheme Procedure: string . chrs Return a newly allocated string composed of the arguments, CHRS. make-string - Scheme Procedure: make-string k [chr] Return a newly allocated string of length K. If CHR is given, then all elements of the string are initialized to CHR, otherwise the contents of the string are all set to `# ul'. string-length - Scheme Procedure: string-length string Return the number of characters in STRING. string-bytes-per-char - Scheme Procedure: string-bytes-per-char string Return the bytes used to represent a character in STRING.This will return 1 or 4. string-ref - Scheme Procedure: string-ref str k Return character K of STR using zero-origin indexing. K must be a valid index of STR. string-set! - Scheme Procedure: string-set! str k chr Store CHR in element K of STR and return an unspecified value. K must be a valid index of STR. substring - Scheme Procedure: substring str start [end] Return a newly allocated string formed from the characters of STR beginning with index START (inclusive) and ending with index END (exclusive). STR must be a string, START and END must be exact integers satisfying: 0 <= START <= END <= (string-length STR). substring/read-only - Scheme Procedure: substring/read-only str start [end] Return a newly allocated string formed from the characters of STR beginning with index START (inclusive) and ending with index END (exclusive). STR must be a string, START and END must be exact integers satisfying: 0 <= START <= END <= (string-length STR). The returned string is read-only. substring/copy - Scheme Procedure: substring/copy str start [end] Return a newly allocated string formed from the characters of STR beginning with index START (inclusive) and ending with index END (exclusive). STR must be a string, START and END must be exact integers satisfying: 0 <= START <= END <= (string-length STR). substring/shared - Scheme Procedure: substring/shared str start [end] Return string that indirectly refers to the characters of STR beginning with index START (inclusive) and ending with index END (exclusive). STR must be a string, START and END must be exact integers satisfying: 0 <= START <= END <= (string-length STR). string-append - Scheme Procedure: string-append . args Return a newly allocated string whose characters form the concatenation of the given strings, ARGS. string-utf8-length - Scheme Procedure: string-utf8-length string Returns the number of bytes in the UTF-8 representation of STRING. string-normalize-nfc - Scheme Procedure: string-normalize-nfc string Returns the NFC normalized form of STRING. string-normalize-nfd - Scheme Procedure: string-normalize-nfd string Returns the NFD normalized form of STRING. string-normalize-nfkc - Scheme Procedure: string-normalize-nfkc string Returns the NFKC normalized form of STRING. string-normalize-nfkd - Scheme Procedure: string-normalize-nfkd string Returns the NFKD normalized form of STRING. string=? - Scheme Procedure: string=? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Lexicographic equality predicate; return `#t' if the two strings are the same length and contain the same characters in the same positions, otherwise return `#f'. The procedure `string-ci=?' treats upper and lower case letters as though they were the same character, but `string=?' treats upper and lower case as distinct characters. string-ci=? - Scheme Procedure: string-ci=? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Case-insensitive string equality predicate; return `#t' if the two strings are the same length and their component characters match (ignoring case) at each position; otherwise return `#f'. string<? - Scheme Procedure: string<? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically less than S2. string<=? - Scheme Procedure: string<=? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically less than or equal to S2. string>? - Scheme Procedure: string>? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically greater than S2. string>=? - Scheme Procedure: string>=? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically greater than or equal to S2. string-ci<? - Scheme Procedure: string-ci<? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Case insensitive lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically less than S2 regardless of case. string-ci<=? - Scheme Procedure: string-ci<=? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Case insensitive lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically less than or equal to S2 regardless of case. string-ci>? - Scheme Procedure: string-ci>? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Case insensitive lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically greater than S2 regardless of case. string-ci>=? - Scheme Procedure: string-ci>=? [s1 [s2 . rest]] Case insensitive lexicographic ordering predicate; return `#t' if S1 is lexicographically greater than or equal to S2 regardless of case. object->string - Scheme Procedure: object->string obj [printer] Return a Scheme string obtained by printing OBJ. Printing function can be specified by the optional second argument PRINTER (default: `write'). open-input-string - Scheme Procedure: open-input-string str Take a string and return an input port that delivers characters from the string. The port can be closed by `close-input-port', though its storage will be reclaimed by the garbage collector if it becomes inaccessible. open-output-string - Scheme Procedure: open-output-string Return an output port that will accumulate characters for retrieval by `get-output-string'. The port can be closed by the procedure `close-output-port', though its storage will be reclaimed by the garbage collector if it becomes inaccessible. get-output-string - Scheme Procedure: get-output-string port Given an output port created by `open-output-string', return a string consisting of the characters that have been output to the port so far. eval-string - Scheme Procedure: eval-string string [module] Evaluate STRING as the text representation of a Scheme form or forms, and return whatever value they produce. Evaluation takes place in the given module, or the current module when no module is given. While the code is evaluated, the given module is made the current one. The current module is restored when this procedure returns. make-struct-layout - Scheme Procedure: make-struct-layout fields Return a new structure layout object. FIELDS must be a string made up of pairs of characters strung together. The first character of each pair describes a field type, the second a field protection. Allowed types are 'p' for GC-protected Scheme data, 'u' for unprotected binary data. Allowed protections are 'w' for mutable fields, 'h' for hidden fields, and 'r' for read-only fields. Hidden fields are writable, but they will not consume an initializer arg passed to `make-struct'. They are useful to add slots to a struct in a way that preserves backward-compatibility with existing calls to `make-struct', especially for derived vtables. struct? - Scheme Procedure: struct? x Return `#t' iff X is a structure object, else `#f'. struct-vtable? - Scheme Procedure: struct-vtable? x Return `#t' iff X is a vtable structure. allocate-struct - Scheme Procedure: allocate-struct vtable nfields Allocate a new structure with space for NFIELDS fields. VTABLE must be a vtable structure (see Vtables). NFIELDS must be a non-negative integer. Strictly speaking NFIELDS is redundant, as the vtable carries the size for its instances. However passing it is useful as a sanity check, given that one module can inline a constructor in another. Fields will be initialized with their default values. make-struct/no-tail - Scheme Procedure: make-struct/no-tail vtable . init Create a new structure. VTABLE must be a vtable structure (see Vtables). The INIT1, ... are optional arguments describing how successive fields of the structure should be initialized. Only fields with protection 'r' or 'w' can be initialized. Hidden fields (those with protection 'h') have to be manually set. If fewer optional arguments than initializable fields are supplied, fields of type 'p' get default value #f while fields of type 'u' are initialized to 0. make-vtable - Scheme Procedure: make-vtable fields [printer] Create a vtable, for creating structures with the given FIELDS. The optional PRINTER argument is a function to be called `(PRINTER struct port)' on the structures created. It should look at STRUCT and write to PORT. struct-ref - Scheme Procedure: struct-ref handle pos Access the POSth field of struct associated with HANDLE. If the field is of type 'p', then it can be set to an arbitrary value. If the field is of type 'u', then it can only be set to a non-negative integer value small enough to fit in one machine word. struct-set! - Scheme Procedure: struct-set! handle pos val Set the slot of the structure HANDLE with index POS to VAL. Signal an error if the slot can not be written to. struct-ref/unboxed - Scheme Procedure: struct-ref/unboxed handle pos Access the POSth field of struct associated with HANDLE. The field must be of type 'u'. struct-set!/unboxed - Scheme Procedure: struct-set!/unboxed handle pos val Set the slot of the structure HANDLE with index POS to VAL. Signal an error if the slot can not be written to. struct-vtable - Scheme Procedure: struct-vtable handle Return the vtable structure that describes the type of struct associated with HANDLE. struct-vtable-name - Scheme Procedure: struct-vtable-name vtable Return the name of the vtable VTABLE. set-struct-vtable-name! - Scheme Procedure: set-struct-vtable-name! vtable name Set the name of the vtable VTABLE to NAME. symbol? - Scheme Procedure: symbol? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a symbol, otherwise return `#f'. symbol-interned? - Scheme Procedure: symbol-interned? symbol Return `#t' if SYMBOL is interned, otherwise return `#f'. make-symbol - Scheme Procedure: make-symbol name Return a new uninterned symbol with the name NAME. The returned symbol is guaranteed to be unique and future calls to `string->symbol' will not return it. symbol->string - Scheme Procedure: symbol->string s Return the name of SYMBOL as a string. If the symbol was part of an object returned as the value of a literal expression (section see in manual The Revised^5 Report on Scheme) or by a call to the `read' procedure, and its name contains alphabetic characters, then the string returned will contain characters in the implementation's preferred standard case---some implementations will prefer upper case, others lower case. If the symbol was returned by `string->symbol', the case of characters in the string returned will be the same as the case in the string that was passed to `string->symbol'. It is an error to apply mutation procedures like `string-set!' to strings returned by this procedure. The following examples assume that the implementation's standard case is lower case: (symbol->string 'flying-fish) ==> "flying-fish" (symbol->string 'Martin) ==> "martin" (symbol->string (string->symbol "Malvina")) ==> "Malvina" string->symbol - Scheme Procedure: string->symbol string Return the symbol whose name is STRING. This procedure can create symbols with names containing special characters or letters in the non-standard case, but it is usually a bad idea to create such symbols because in some implementations of Scheme they cannot be read as themselves. See `symbol->string'. The following examples assume that the implementation's standard case is lower case: (eq? 'mISSISSIppi 'mississippi) ==> #t (string->symbol "mISSISSIppi") ==> the symbol with name "mISSISSIppi" (eq? 'bitBlt (string->symbol "bitBlt")) ==> #f (eq? 'JollyWog (string->symbol (symbol->string 'JollyWog))) ==> #t (string=? "K. Harper, M.D." (symbol->string (string->symbol "K. Harper, M.D."))) ==>#t string-ci->symbol - Scheme Procedure: string-ci->symbol str Return the symbol whose name is STR. STR is converted to lowercase before the conversion is done, if Guile is currently reading symbols case-insensitively. gensym - Scheme Procedure: gensym [prefix] Create a new symbol with a name constructed from a prefix and a counter value. The string PREFIX can be specified as an optional argument. Default prefix is `g'. The counter is increased by 1 at each call. There is no provision for resetting the counter. symbol-hash - Scheme Procedure: symbol-hash symbol Return a hash value for SYMBOL. symbol-fref - Scheme Procedure: symbol-fref s Return the contents of the symbol S's "function slot". symbol-pref - Scheme Procedure: symbol-pref s Return the "property list" currently associated with the symbol S. symbol-fset! - Scheme Procedure: symbol-fset! s val Change the binding of the symbol S's function slot. symbol-pset! - Scheme Procedure: symbol-pset! s val Change the binding of the symbol S's property slot. syntax? - Scheme Procedure: syntax? obj Return `#t' if the argument OBJ is a syntax object, else `#f'. make-syntax - Scheme Procedure: make-syntax exp wrap module Make a new syntax object. syntax-expression - Scheme Procedure: syntax-expression obj Return the expression contained in the syntax object OBJ. syntax-wrap - Scheme Procedure: syntax-wrap obj Return the wrap contained in the syntax object OBJ. syntax-module - Scheme Procedure: syntax-module obj Return the module info contained in the syntax object OBJ. %call-with-new-thread - Scheme Procedure: %call-with-new-thread thunk yield - Scheme Procedure: yield Move the calling thread to the end of the scheduling queue. thread? - Scheme Procedure: thread? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a thread. make-mutex - Scheme Procedure: make-mutex [kind] Create a new mutex. If KIND is not given, the mutex will be a standard non-recursive mutex. Otherwise pass `recursive' to make a recursive mutex, or `allow-external-unlock' to make a non-recursive mutex that can be unlocked from any thread. make-recursive-mutex - Scheme Procedure: make-recursive-mutex Create a new recursive mutex. lock-mutex - Scheme Procedure: lock-mutex mutex [timeout] Lock mutex MUTEX. If the mutex is already locked, the calling thread blocks until the mutex becomes available. unlock-mutex - Scheme Procedure: unlock-mutex mutex Unlocks MUTEX. The calling thread must already hold the lock on MUTEX, unless the mutex was created with the `allow-external-unlock' option; otherwise an error will be signalled. mutex? - Scheme Procedure: mutex? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a mutex. mutex-owner - Scheme Procedure: mutex-owner mx Return the thread owning MX, or `#f'. mutex-level - Scheme Procedure: mutex-level mx Return the lock level of mutex MX. mutex-locked? - Scheme Procedure: mutex-locked? mx Returns `#t' if the mutex MX is locked. make-condition-variable - Scheme Procedure: make-condition-variable Make a new condition variable. wait-condition-variable - Scheme Procedure: wait-condition-variable cond mutex [timeout] Wait until condition variable CV has been signalled. While waiting, mutex MX is atomically unlocked (as with `unlock-mutex') and is locked again when this function returns. When T is given, it specifies a point in time where the waiting should be aborted. It can be either a integer as returned by `current-time' or a pair as returned by `gettimeofday'. When the waiting is aborted the mutex is locked and `#f' is returned. When the condition variable is in fact signalled, the mutex is also locked and `#t' is returned. signal-condition-variable - Scheme Procedure: signal-condition-variable cv Wake up one thread that is waiting for CV broadcast-condition-variable - Scheme Procedure: broadcast-condition-variable cv Wake up all threads that are waiting for CV. condition-variable? - Scheme Procedure: condition-variable? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a condition variable. current-thread - Scheme Procedure: current-thread Return the thread that called this function. all-threads - Scheme Procedure: all-threads Return a list of all threads. thread-exited? - Scheme Procedure: thread-exited? thread Return `#t' iff THREAD has exited. total-processor-count - Scheme Procedure: total-processor-count Return the total number of processors of the machine, which is guaranteed to be at least 1. A ``processor'' here is a thread execution unit, which can be either: * an execution core in a (possibly multi-core) chip, in a (possibly multi- chip) module, in a single computer, or * a thread execution unit inside a core in the case of "hyper-threaded" CPUs. Which of the two definitions is used, is unspecified. current-processor-count - Scheme Procedure: current-processor-count Like `total-processor-count', but return the number of processors available to the current process. See `setaffinity' and `getaffinity' for more information. copy-tree - Scheme Procedure: copy-tree obj Recursively copy the data tree that is bound to OBJ, and return a the new data structure. `copy-tree' recurses down the contents of both pairs and vectors (since both cons cells and vector cells may point to arbitrary objects), and stops recursing when it hits any other object. char->formal-name - Scheme Procedure: char->formal-name ch Return the formal all-upper-case unicode name of CH, as a string. If the character has no name, return `#f'. formal-name->char - Scheme Procedure: formal-name->char name Return the character whose formal all-upper-case unicode name is NAME, or `#f' if no such character is known. values - Scheme Procedure: values . args Delivers all of its arguments to its continuation. Except for continuations created by the `call-with-values' procedure, all continuations take exactly one value. The effect of passing no value or more than one value to continuations that were not created by `call-with-values' is unspecified. make-variable - Scheme Procedure: make-variable init Return a variable initialized to value INIT. make-undefined-variable - Scheme Procedure: make-undefined-variable Return a variable that is initially unbound. variable? - Scheme Procedure: variable? obj Return `#t' iff OBJ is a variable object, else return `#f'. variable-ref - Scheme Procedure: variable-ref var Dereference VAR and return its value. VAR must be a variable object; see `make-variable' and `make-undefined-variable'. variable-set! - Scheme Procedure: variable-set! var val Set the value of the variable VAR to VAL. VAR must be a variable object, VAL can be any value. Return an unspecified value. variable-unset! - Scheme Procedure: variable-unset! var Ensure that VAR is not bound to a value. VAR must be a variable object. variable-bound? - Scheme Procedure: variable-bound? var Return `#t' iff VAR is bound to a value. Throws an error if VAR is not a variable object. vector? - Scheme Procedure: vector? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a vector, otherwise return `#f'. vector-length - Scheme Procedure: vector-length v Returns the number of elements in VECTOR as an exact integer. list->vector - Scheme Procedure: list->vector implemented by the C function "scm_vector" vector - Scheme Procedure: vector . l Return a newly allocated vector composed of the given arguments. Analogous to `list'. (vector 'a 'b 'c) ==> #(a b c) vector-ref - Scheme Procedure: vector-ref vector k K must be a valid index of VECTOR. `Vector-ref' returns the contents of element K of VECTOR. (vector-ref '#(1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21) 5) ==> 8 (vector-ref '#(1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21) (let ((i (round (* 2 (acos -1))))) (if (inexact? i) (inexact->exact i) i))) ==> 13 vector-set! - Scheme Procedure: vector-set! vector k obj K must be a valid index of VECTOR. `Vector-set!' stores OBJ in element K of VECTOR. The value returned by `vector-set!' is unspecified. (let ((vec (vector 0 '(2 2 2 2) "Anna"))) (vector-set! vec 1 '("Sue" "Sue")) vec) ==> #(0 ("Sue" "Sue") "Anna") (vector-set! '#(0 1 2) 1 "doe") ==> _error_ ; constant vector make-vector - Scheme Procedure: make-vector k [fill] Return a newly allocated vector of K elements. If a second argument is given, then each position is initialized to FILL. Otherwise the initial contents of each position is unspecified. vector-copy - Scheme Procedure: vector-copy vec Return a copy of VEC. vector->list - Scheme Procedure: vector->list v Return a newly allocated list composed of the elements of V. (vector->list '#(dah dah didah)) ==> (dah dah didah) (list->vector '(dididit dah)) ==> #(dididit dah) vector-fill! - Scheme Procedure: vector-fill! v fill Store FILL in every position of VECTOR. The value returned by `vector-fill!' is unspecified. vector-move-left! - Scheme Procedure: vector-move-left! vec1 start1 end1 vec2 start2 Copy elements from VEC1, positions START1 to END1, to VEC2 starting at position START2. START1 and START2 are inclusive indices; END1 is exclusive. `vector-move-left!' copies elements in leftmost order. Therefore, in the case where VEC1 and VEC2 refer to the same vector, `vector-move-left!' is usually appropriate when START1 is greater than START2. vector-move-right! - Scheme Procedure: vector-move-right! vec1 start1 end1 vec2 start2 Copy elements from VEC1, positions START1 to END1, to VEC2 starting at position START2. START1 and START2 are inclusive indices; END1 is exclusive. `vector-move-right!' copies elements in rightmost order. Therefore, in the case where VEC1 and VEC2 refer to the same vector, `vector-move-right!' is usually appropriate when START1 is less than START2. major-version - Scheme Procedure: major-version Return a string containing Guile's major version number. E.g., the 1 in "1.6.5". minor-version - Scheme Procedure: minor-version Return a string containing Guile's minor version number. E.g., the 6 in "1.6.5". micro-version - Scheme Procedure: micro-version Return a string containing Guile's micro version number. E.g., the 5 in "1.6.5". version - Scheme Procedure: version Return a string describing Guile's version number, or its major, minor or micro version number, respectively. (version) ==> "1.6.0" (major-version) ==> "1" (minor-version) ==> "6" (micro-version) ==> "0" effective-version - Scheme Procedure: effective-version Return a string describing Guile's effective version number. (version) ==> "1.6.0" (effective-version) ==> "1.6" (major-version) ==> "1" (minor-version) ==> "6" (micro-version) ==> "0" make-soft-port - Scheme Procedure: make-soft-port pv modes Return a port capable of receiving or delivering characters as specified by the MODES string (see open-file). PV must be a vector of length 5 or 6. Its components are as follows: -48. procedure accepting one character for output -47. procedure accepting a string for output -46. thunk for flushing output -45. thunk for getting one character -44. thunk for closing port (not by garbage collection) -43. (if present and not `#f') thunk for computing the number of characters that can be read from the port without blocking. For an output-only port only elements 0, 1, 2, and 4 need be procedures. For an input-only port only elements 3 and 4 need be procedures. Thunks 2 and 4 can instead be `#f' if there is no useful operation for them to perform. If thunk 3 returns `#f' or an `eof-object' (see eof-object? in manual The Revised^5 Report on Scheme) it indicates that the port has reached end-of-file. For example: (define stdout (current-output-port)) (define p (make-soft-port (vector (lambda (c) (write c stdout)) (lambda (s) (display s stdout)) (lambda () (display "." stdout)) (lambda () (char-upcase (read-char))) (lambda () (display "@" stdout))) "rw")) (write p p) ==> #<input-output: soft 8081e20> make-weak-key-hash-table - Scheme Procedure: make-weak-key-hash-table [n] Return a weak hash table with SIZE buckets. You can modify weak hash tables in exactly the same way you would modify regular hash tables. (see Hash Tables) make-weak-value-hash-table - Scheme Procedure: make-weak-value-hash-table [n] Return a hash table with weak values with SIZE buckets. (see Hash Tables) make-doubly-weak-hash-table - Scheme Procedure: make-doubly-weak-hash-table [n] Return a hash table with weak keys and values with SIZE buckets. (see Hash Tables) weak-key-hash-table? - Scheme Procedure: weak-key-hash-table? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is the specified weak hash table. Note that a doubly weak hash table is neither a weak key nor a weak value hash table. weak-value-hash-table? - Scheme Procedure: weak-value-hash-table? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a weak value hash table. doubly-weak-hash-table? - Scheme Procedure: doubly-weak-hash-table? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a doubly weak hash table. make-weak-vector - Scheme Procedure: make-weak-vector size [fill] Return a weak vector with SIZE elements. If the optional argument FILL is given, all entries in the vector will be set to FILL. The default value for FILL is the empty list. list->weak-vector - Scheme Procedure: list->weak-vector implemented by the C function "scm_weak_vector" weak-vector - Scheme Procedure: weak-vector . lst Construct a weak vector from a list: `weak-vector' uses the list of its arguments while `list->weak-vector' uses its only argument L (a list) to construct a weak vector the same way `list->vector' would. weak-vector? - Scheme Procedure: weak-vector? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a weak vector. Note that all weak hashes are also weak vectors. weak-vector-length - Scheme Procedure: weak-vector-length wvect Like `vector-length', but for weak vectors. weak-vector-ref - Scheme Procedure: weak-vector-ref wvect k Like `vector-ref', but for weak vectors. weak-vector-set! - Scheme Procedure: weak-vector-set! wvect k obj Like `vector-set!', but for weak vectors. dynamic-link - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-link [filename] Find the shared object (shared library) denoted by FILENAME and link it into the running Guile application. The returned scheme object is a ``handle'' for the library which can be passed to `dynamic-func', `dynamic-call' etc. Searching for object files is system dependent. Normally, if FILENAME does have an explicit directory it will be searched for in locations such as `/usr/lib' and `/usr/local/lib'. When FILENAME is omitted, a "global symbol handle" is returned. This handle provides access to the symbols available to the program at run-time, including those exported by the program itself and the shared libraries already loaded. dynamic-object? - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-object? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a dynamic object handle, or `#f' otherwise. dynamic-unlink - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-unlink dobj Unlink a dynamic object from the application, if possible. The object must have been linked by `dynamic-link', with DOBJ the corresponding handle. After this procedure is called, the handle can no longer be used to access the object. dynamic-pointer - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-pointer name dobj Return a ``wrapped pointer'' to the symbol NAME in the shared object referred to by DOBJ. The returned pointer points to a C object. Regardless whether your C compiler prepends an underscore `_' to the global names in a program, you should *not* include this underscore in NAME since it will be added automatically when necessary. dynamic-func - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-func name dobj Return a ``handle'' for the function NAME in the shared object referred to by DOBJ. The handle can be passed to `dynamic-call' to actually call the function. Regardless whether your C compiler prepends an underscore `_' to the global names in a program, you should *not* include this underscore in NAME since it will be added automatically when necessary. dynamic-call - Scheme Procedure: dynamic-call func dobj Call a C function in a dynamic object. Two styles of invocation are supported: * FUNC can be a function handle returned by `dynamic-func'. In this case DOBJ is ignored * FUNC can be a string with the name of the function to call, with DOBJ the handle of the dynamic object in which to find the function. This is equivalent to (dynamic-call (dynamic-func FUNC DOBJ) #f) In either case, the function is passed no arguments and its return value is ignored. pipe - Scheme Procedure: pipe Return a newly created pipe: a pair of ports which are linked together on the local machine. The _car_ is the input port and the _cdr_ is the output port. Data written (and flushed) to the output port can be read from the input port. Pipes are commonly used for communication with a newly forked child process. The need to flush the output port can be avoided by making it unbuffered using `setvbuf'. Writes occur atomically provided the size of the data in bytes is not greater than the value of `PIPE_BUF'. Note that the output port is likely to block if too much data (typically equal to `PIPE_BUF') has been written but not yet read from the input port. getgroups - Scheme Procedure: getgroups Return a vector of integers representing the current supplementary group IDs. setgroups - Scheme Procedure: setgroups group_vec Set the current set of supplementary group IDs to the integers in the given vector GROUP_VEC. The return value is unspecified. Generally only the superuser can set the process group IDs. getpw - Scheme Procedure: getpw [user] Look up an entry in the user database. USER can be an integer, a string, or omitted, giving the behaviour of `getpwuid', `getpwnam' or `getpwent' respectively. setpw - Scheme Procedure: setpw [arg] If called with a true argument, initialize or reset the password data stream. Otherwise, close the stream. The `setpwent' and `endpwent' procedures are implemented on top of this. getgr - Scheme Procedure: getgr [name] Look up an entry in the group database. NAME can be an integer, a string, or omitted, giving the behaviour of `getgrgid', `getgrnam' or `getgrent' respectively. setgr - Scheme Procedure: setgr [arg] If called with a true argument, initialize or reset the group data stream. Otherwise, close the stream. The `setgrent' and `endgrent' procedures are implemented on top of this. getrlimit - Scheme Procedure: getrlimit resource Get a resource limit for this process. RESOURCE identifies the resource, either as an integer or as a symbol. For example, `(getrlimit 'stack)' gets the limits associated with `RLIMIT_STACK'. `getrlimit' returns two values, the soft and the hard limit. If no limit is set for the resource in question, the returned limit will be `#f'. setrlimit - Scheme Procedure: setrlimit resource soft hard Set a resource limit for this process. RESOURCE identifies the resource, either as an integer or as a symbol. SOFT and HARD should be integers, or `#f' to indicate no limit (i.e., `RLIM_INFINITY'). For example, `(setrlimit 'stack 150000 300000)' sets the `RLIMIT_STACK' limit to 150 kilobytes, with a hard limit of 300 kB. kill - Scheme Procedure: kill pid sig Sends a signal to the specified process or group of processes. PID specifies the processes to which the signal is sent: PID greater than 0 The process whose identifier is PID. PID equal to 0 All processes in the current process group. PID less than -1 The process group whose identifier is -PID PID equal to -1 If the process is privileged, all processes except for some special system processes. Otherwise, all processes with the current effective user ID. SIG should be specified using a variable corresponding to the Unix symbolic name, e.g., - Variable: SIGHUP Hang-up signal. - Variable: SIGINT Interrupt signal. waitpid - Scheme Procedure: waitpid pid [options] This procedure collects status information from a child process which has terminated or (optionally) stopped. Normally it will suspend the calling process until this can be done. If more than one child process is eligible then one will be chosen by the operating system. The value of PID determines the behaviour: PID greater than 0 Request status information from the specified child process. PID equal to -1 or WAIT_ANY Request status information for any child process. PID equal to 0 or WAIT_MYPGRP Request status information for any child process in the current process group. PID less than -1 Request status information for any child process whose process group ID is -PID. The OPTIONS argument, if supplied, should be the bitwise OR of the values of zero or more of the following variables: - Variable: WNOHANG Return immediately even if there are no child processes to be collected. - Variable: WUNTRACED Report status information for stopped processes as well as terminated processes. The return value is a pair containing: 1. The process ID of the child process, or 0 if `WNOHANG' was specified and no process was collected. 2. The integer status value. status:exit-val - Scheme Procedure: status:exit-val status Return the exit status value, as would be set if a process ended normally through a call to `exit' or `_exit', if any, otherwise `#f'. status:term-sig - Scheme Procedure: status:term-sig status Return the signal number which terminated the process, if any, otherwise `#f'. status:stop-sig - Scheme Procedure: status:stop-sig status Return the signal number which stopped the process, if any, otherwise `#f'. getppid - Scheme Procedure: getppid Return an integer representing the process ID of the parent process. getuid - Scheme Procedure: getuid Return an integer representing the current real user ID. getgid - Scheme Procedure: getgid Return an integer representing the current real group ID. geteuid - Scheme Procedure: geteuid Return an integer representing the current effective user ID. If the system does not support effective IDs, then the real ID is returned. `(provided? 'EIDs)' reports whether the system supports effective IDs. getegid - Scheme Procedure: getegid Return an integer representing the current effective group ID. If the system does not support effective IDs, then the real ID is returned. `(provided? 'EIDs)' reports whether the system supports effective IDs. setuid - Scheme Procedure: setuid id Sets both the real and effective user IDs to the integer ID, provided the process has appropriate privileges. The return value is unspecified. setgid - Scheme Procedure: setgid id Sets both the real and effective group IDs to the integer ID, provided the process has appropriate privileges. The return value is unspecified. seteuid - Scheme Procedure: seteuid id Sets the effective user ID to the integer ID, provided the process has appropriate privileges. If effective IDs are not supported, the real ID is set instead -- `(provided? 'EIDs)' reports whether the system supports effective IDs. The return value is unspecified. setegid - Scheme Procedure: setegid id Sets the effective group ID to the integer ID, provided the process has appropriate privileges. If effective IDs are not supported, the real ID is set instead -- `(provided? 'EIDs)' reports whether the system supports effective IDs. The return value is unspecified. getpgrp - Scheme Procedure: getpgrp Return an integer representing the current process group ID. This is the POSIX definition, not BSD. setpgid - Scheme Procedure: setpgid pid pgid Move the process PID into the process group PGID. PID or PGID must be integers: they can be zero to indicate the ID of the current process. Fails on systems that do not support job control. The return value is unspecified. setsid - Scheme Procedure: setsid Creates a new session. The current process becomes the session leader and is put in a new process group. The process will be detached from its controlling terminal if it has one. The return value is an integer representing the new process group ID. getsid - Scheme Procedure: getsid pid Returns the session ID of process PID. (The session ID of a process is the process group ID of its session leader.) ttyname - Scheme Procedure: ttyname port Return a string with the name of the serial terminal device underlying PORT. ctermid - Scheme Procedure: ctermid Return a string containing the file name of the controlling terminal for the current process. tcgetpgrp - Scheme Procedure: tcgetpgrp port Return the process group ID of the foreground process group associated with the terminal open on the file descriptor underlying PORT. If there is no foreground process group, the return value is a number greater than 1 that does not match the process group ID of any existing process group. This can happen if all of the processes in the job that was formerly the foreground job have terminated, and no other job has yet been moved into the foreground. tcsetpgrp - Scheme Procedure: tcsetpgrp port pgid Set the foreground process group ID for the terminal used by the file descriptor underlying PORT to the integer PGID. The calling process must be a member of the same session as PGID and must have the same controlling terminal. The return value is unspecified. execl - Scheme Procedure: execl filename . args Executes the file named by FILENAME as a new process image. The remaining arguments are supplied to the process; from a C program they are accessible as the `argv' argument to `main'. Conventionally the first ARG is the same as FILENAME. All arguments must be strings. If ARG is missing, PATH is executed with a null argument list, which may have system-dependent side-effects. This procedure is currently implemented using the `execv' system call, but we call it `execl' because of its Scheme calling interface. execlp - Scheme Procedure: execlp filename . args Similar to `execl', however if FILENAME does not contain a slash then the file to execute will be located by searching the directories listed in the `PATH' environment variable. This procedure is currently implemented using the `execvp' system call, but we call it `execlp' because of its Scheme calling interface. execle - Scheme Procedure: execle filename env . args Similar to `execl', but the environment of the new process is specified by ENV, which must be a list of strings as returned by the `environ' procedure. This procedure is currently implemented using the `execve' system call, but we call it `execle' because of its Scheme calling interface. primitive-fork - Scheme Procedure: primitive-fork Creates a new "child" process by duplicating the current "parent" process. In the child the return value is 0. In the parent the return value is the integer process ID of the child. This procedure has been renamed from `fork' to avoid a naming conflict with the scsh fork. system* - Scheme Procedure: system* . args Execute the command indicated by ARGS. The first element must be a string indicating the command to be executed, and the remaining items must be strings representing each of the arguments to that command. This function returns the exit status of the command as provided by `waitpid'. This value can be handled with `status:exit-val' and the related functions. `system*' is similar to `system', but accepts only one string per-argument, and performs no shell interpretation. The command is executed using fork and execlp. Accordingly this function may be safer than `system' in situations where shell interpretation is not required. Example: (system* "echo" "foo" "bar") uname - Scheme Procedure: uname Return an object with some information about the computer system the program is running on. environ - Scheme Procedure: environ [env] If ENV is omitted, return the current environment (in the Unix sense) as a list of strings. Otherwise set the current environment, which is also the default environment for child processes, to the supplied list of strings. Each member of ENV should be of the form `NAME=VALUE' and values of `NAME' should not be duplicated. If ENV is supplied then the return value is unspecified. tmpnam - Scheme Procedure: tmpnam Return a name in the file system that does not match any existing file. However there is no guarantee that another process will not create the file after `tmpnam' is called. Care should be taken if opening the file, e.g., use the `O_EXCL' open flag or use `mkstemp!' instead. tmpfile - Scheme Procedure: tmpfile Return an input/output port to a unique temporary file named using the path prefix `P_tmpdir' defined in `stdio.h'. The file is automatically deleted when the port is closed or the program terminates. utime - Scheme Procedure: utime pathname [actime [modtime [actimens [modtimens [flags]]]]] `utime' sets the access and modification times for the file named by PATHNAME. If ACTIME or MODTIME is not supplied, then the current time is used. ACTIME and MODTIME must be integer time values as returned by the `current-time' procedure. The optional ACTIMENS and MODTIMENS are nanoseconds to add ACTIME and MODTIME. Nanosecond precision is only supported on some combinations of file systems and operating systems. (utime "foo" (- (current-time) 3600)) will set the access time to one hour in the past and the modification time to the current time. Last, FLAGS may be either `0' or the `AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW' constant, to set the time of PATHNAME even if it is a symbolic link. getpid - Scheme Procedure: getpid Return an integer representing the current process ID. putenv - Scheme Procedure: putenv str Modifies the environment of the current process, which is also the default environment inherited by child processes. If STR is of the form `NAME=VALUE' then it will be written directly into the environment, replacing any existing environment string with name matching `NAME'. If STR does not contain an equal sign, then any existing string with name matching STR will be removed. The return value is unspecified. setlocale - Scheme Procedure: setlocale category [locale] If LOCALE is omitted, return the current value of the specified locale category as a system-dependent string. CATEGORY should be specified using the values `LC_COLLATE', `LC_ALL' etc. Otherwise the specified locale category is set to the string LOCALE and the new value is returned as a system-dependent string. If LOCALE is an empty string, the locale will be set using environment variables. When the locale is changed, the character encoding of the new locale (UTF-8, ISO-8859-1, etc.) is used for the current input, output, and error ports mknod - Scheme Procedure: mknod path type perms dev Creates a new special file, such as a file corresponding to a device. PATH specifies the name of the file. TYPE should be one of the following symbols: regular, directory, symlink, block-special, char-special, fifo, or socket. PERMS (an integer) specifies the file permissions. DEV (an integer) specifies which device the special file refers to. Its exact interpretation depends on the kind of special file being created. E.g., (mknod "/dev/fd0" 'block-special #o660 (+ (* 2 256) 2)) The return value is unspecified. nice - Scheme Procedure: nice incr Increment the priority of the current process by INCR. A higher priority value means that the process runs less often. The return value is unspecified. sync - Scheme Procedure: sync Flush the operating system disk buffers. The return value is unspecified. crypt - Scheme Procedure: crypt key salt Encrypt KEY using SALT as the salt value to the crypt(3) library call. chroot - Scheme Procedure: chroot path Change the root directory to that specified in PATH. This directory will be used for path names beginning with `/'. The root directory is inherited by all children of the current process. Only the superuser may change the root directory. getlogin - Scheme Procedure: getlogin Return a string containing the name of the user logged in on the controlling terminal of the process, or `#f' if this information cannot be obtained. getpriority - Scheme Procedure: getpriority which who Return the scheduling priority of the process, process group or user, as indicated by WHICH and WHO. WHICH is one of the variables `PRIO_PROCESS', `PRIO_PGRP' or `PRIO_USER', and WHO is interpreted relative to WHICH (a process identifier for `PRIO_PROCESS', process group identifier for `PRIO_PGRP', and a user identifier for `PRIO_USER'. A zero value of WHO denotes the current process, process group, or user. Return the highest priority (lowest numerical value) of any of the specified processes. setpriority - Scheme Procedure: setpriority which who prio Set the scheduling priority of the process, process group or user, as indicated by WHICH and WHO. WHICH is one of the variables `PRIO_PROCESS', `PRIO_PGRP' or `PRIO_USER', and WHO is interpreted relative to WHICH (a process identifier for `PRIO_PROCESS', process group identifier for `PRIO_PGRP', and a user identifier for `PRIO_USER'. A zero value of WHO denotes the current process, process group, or user. PRIO is a value in the range -20 and 20, the default priority is 0; lower priorities cause more favorable scheduling. Sets the priority of all of the specified processes. Only the super-user may lower priorities. The return value is not specified. getaffinity - Scheme Procedure: getaffinity pid Return a bitvector representing the CPU affinity mask for process PID. Each CPU the process has affinity with has its corresponding bit set in the returned bitvector. The number of bits set is a good estimate of how many CPUs Guile can use without stepping on other processes' toes. setaffinity - Scheme Procedure: setaffinity pid mask Install the CPU affinity mask MASK, a bitvector, for the process or thread with ID PID. The return value is unspecified. getpass - Scheme Procedure: getpass prompt Display PROMPT to the standard error output and read a password from `/dev/tty'. If this file is not accessible, it reads from standard input. The password may be up to 127 characters in length. Additional characters and the terminating newline character are discarded. While reading the password, echoing and the generation of signals by special characters is disabled. flock - Scheme Procedure: flock file operation Apply or remove an advisory lock on an open file. OPERATION specifies the action to be done: - Variable: LOCK_SH Shared lock. More than one process may hold a shared lock for a given file at a given time. - Variable: LOCK_EX Exclusive lock. Only one process may hold an exclusive lock for a given file at a given time. - Variable: LOCK_UN Unlock the file. - Variable: LOCK_NB Don't block when locking. This is combined with one of the other operations using `logior'. If `flock' would block an `EWOULDBLOCK' error is thrown. The return value is not specified. FILE may be an open file descriptor or an open file descriptor port. Note that `flock' does not lock files across NFS. sethostname - Scheme Procedure: sethostname name Set the host name of the current processor to NAME. May only be used by the superuser. The return value is not specified. gethostname - Scheme Procedure: gethostname Return the host name of the current processor. gethost - Scheme Procedure: gethost [host] Look up a host by name or address, returning a host object. The `gethost' procedure will accept either a string name or an integer address; if given no arguments, it behaves like `gethostent' (see below). If a name or address is supplied but the address can not be found, an error will be thrown to one of the keys: `host-not-found', `try-again', `no-recovery' or `no-data', corresponding to the equivalent `h_error' values. Unusual conditions may result in errors thrown to the `system-error' or `misc_error' keys. getnet - Scheme Procedure: getnet [net] Look up a network by name or net number in the network database. The NET-NAME argument must be a string, and the NET-NUMBER argument must be an integer. `getnet' will accept either type of argument, behaving like `getnetent' (see below) if no arguments are given. getproto - Scheme Procedure: getproto [protocol] Look up a network protocol by name or by number. `getprotobyname' takes a string argument, and `getprotobynumber' takes an integer argument. `getproto' will accept either type, behaving like `getprotoent' (see below) if no arguments are supplied. getserv - Scheme Procedure: getserv [name [protocol]] Look up a network service by name or by service number, and return a network service object. The PROTOCOL argument specifies the name of the desired protocol; if the protocol found in the network service database does not match this name, a system error is signalled. The `getserv' procedure will take either a service name or number as its first argument; if given no arguments, it behaves like `getservent' (see below). sethost - Scheme Procedure: sethost [stayopen] If STAYOPEN is omitted, this is equivalent to `endhostent'. Otherwise it is equivalent to `sethostent stayopen'. setnet - Scheme Procedure: setnet [stayopen] If STAYOPEN is omitted, this is equivalent to `endnetent'. Otherwise it is equivalent to `setnetent stayopen'. setproto - Scheme Procedure: setproto [stayopen] If STAYOPEN is omitted, this is equivalent to `endprotoent'. Otherwise it is equivalent to `setprotoent stayopen'. setserv - Scheme Procedure: setserv [stayopen] If STAYOPEN is omitted, this is equivalent to `endservent'. Otherwise it is equivalent to `setservent stayopen'. getaddrinfo - Scheme Procedure: getaddrinfo name [service [hint_flags [hint_family [hint_socktype [hint_protocol]]]]] Return a list of `addrinfo' structures containing a socket address and associated information for host NAME and/or SERVICE to be used in creating a socket with which to address the specified service. (let* ((ai (car (getaddrinfo "www.gnu.org" "http"))) (s (socket (addrinfo:fam ai) (addrinfo:socktype ai) (addrinfo:protocol ai)))) (connect s (addrinfo:addr ai)) s) When SERVICE is omitted or is `#f', return network-level addresses for NAME. When NAME is `#f' SERVICE must be provided and service locations local to the caller are returned. Additional hints can be provided. When specified, HINT_FLAGS should be a bitwise-or of zero or more constants among the following: AI_PASSIVE Socket address is intended for `bind'. AI_CANONNAME Request for canonical host name, available via `addrinfo:canonname'. This makes sense mainly when DNS lookups are involved. AI_NUMERICHOST Specifies that NAME is a numeric host address string (e.g., `"127.0.0.1"'), meaning that name resolution will not be used. AI_NUMERICSERV Likewise, specifies that SERVICE is a numeric port string (e.g., `"80"'). AI_ADDRCONFIG Return only addresses configured on the local system. It is highly recommended to provide this flag when the returned socket addresses are to be used to make connections; otherwise, some of the returned addresses could be unreachable or use a protocol that is not supported. AI_V4MAPPED When looking up IPv6 addresses, return mapped IPv4 addresses if there is no IPv6 address available at all. AI_ALL If this flag is set along with `AI_V4MAPPED' when looking up IPv6 addresses, return all IPv6 addresses as well as all IPv4 addresses, the latter mapped to IPv6 format. When given, HINT_FAMILY should specify the requested address family, e.g., `AF_INET6'. Similarly, HINT_SOCKTYPE should specify the requested socket type (e.g., `SOCK_DGRAM'), and HINT_PROTOCOL should specify the requested protocol (its value is interpretered as in calls to `socket'). On error, an exception with key `getaddrinfo-error' is thrown, with an error code (an integer) as its argument: (catch 'getaddrinfo-error (lambda () (getaddrinfo "www.gnu.org" "gopher")) (lambda (key errcode) (cond ((= errcode EAI_SERVICE) (display "doesn't know about Gopher!\n")) ((= errcode EAI_NONAME) (display "www.gnu.org not found\n")) (else (format #t "something wrong: ~a\n" (gai-strerror errcode)))))) Error codes are: EAI_AGAIN The name or service could not be resolved at this time. Future attempts may succeed. EAI_BADFLAGS HINT_FLAGS contains an invalid value. EAI_FAIL A non-recoverable error occurred when attempting to resolve the name. EAI_FAMILY HINT_FAMILY was not recognized. EAI_NONAME Either NAME does not resolve for the supplied parameters, or neither NAME nor SERVICE were supplied. EAI_NODATA This non-POSIX error code can be returned on some systems (GNU and Darwin, at least), for example when NAME is known but requests that were made turned out no data. Error handling code should be prepared to handle it when it is defined. EAI_SERVICE SERVICE was not recognized for the specified socket type. EAI_SOCKTYPE HINT_SOCKTYPE was not recognized. EAI_SYSTEM A system error occurred. In C, the error code can be found in `errno'; this value is not accessible from Scheme, but in practice it provides little information about the actual error cause. Users are encouraged to read the POSIX specification (http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getaddrin fo.html) for more details. gai-strerror - Scheme Procedure: gai-strerror error Return a string describing ERROR, an integer error code returned by `getaddrinfo'. inet-netof - Scheme Procedure: inet-netof address Return the network number part of the given IPv4 Internet address. E.g., (inet-netof 2130706433) ==> 127 inet-lnaof - Scheme Procedure: inet-lnaof address Return the local-address-with-network part of the given IPv4 Internet address, using the obsolete class A/B/C system. E.g., (inet-lnaof 2130706433) ==> 1 inet-makeaddr - Scheme Procedure: inet-makeaddr net lna Make an IPv4 Internet address by combining the network number NET with the local-address-within-network number LNA. E.g., (inet-makeaddr 127 1) ==> 2130706433 inet-ntop - Scheme Procedure: inet-ntop family address Convert a network address into a printable string. Note that unlike the C version of this function, the input is an integer with normal host byte ordering. FAMILY can be `AF_INET' or `AF_INET6'. E.g., (inet-ntop AF_INET 2130706433) ==> "127.0.0.1" (inet-ntop AF_INET6 (- (expt 2 128) 1)) ==> "ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff" inet-pton - Scheme Procedure: inet-pton family address Convert a string containing a printable network address to an integer address. Note that unlike the C version of this function, the result is an integer with normal host byte ordering. FAMILY can be `AF_INET' or `AF_INET6'. E.g., (inet-pton AF_INET "127.0.0.1") ==> 2130706433 (inet-pton AF_INET6 "::1") ==> 1 socket - Scheme Procedure: socket family style proto Return a new socket port of the type specified by FAMILY, STYLE and PROTO. All three parameters are integers. Supported values for FAMILY are `AF_UNIX', `AF_INET' and `AF_INET6'. Typical values for STYLE are `SOCK_STREAM', `SOCK_DGRAM' and `SOCK_RAW'. PROTO can be obtained from a protocol name using `getprotobyname'. A value of zero specifies the default protocol, which is usually right. A single socket port cannot by used for communication until it has been connected to another socket. socketpair - Scheme Procedure: socketpair family style proto Return a pair of connected (but unnamed) socket ports of the type specified by FAMILY, STYLE and PROTO. Many systems support only socket pairs of the `AF_UNIX' family. Zero is likely to be the only meaningful value for PROTO. getsockopt - Scheme Procedure: getsockopt sock level optname Return an option value from socket port SOCK. LEVEL is an integer specifying a protocol layer, either `SOL_SOCKET' for socket level options, or a protocol number from the `IPPROTO' constants or `getprotoent' (see Network Databases). - Variable: SOL_SOCKET OPTNAME is an integer specifying an option within the protocol layer. For `SOL_SOCKET' level the following OPTNAMEs are defined (when provided by the system). For their meaning see Socket-Level Options in manual The GNU C Library Reference Manual, or `man 7 socket'. - Variable: SO_DEBUG The value returned is an integer. - Variable: SO_LINGER The value returned is a pair of integers `(ENABLE . TIMEOUT)'. On old systems without timeout support (ie.: without `struct linger'), only ENABLE has an effect but the value in Guile is always a pair. setsockopt - Scheme Procedure: setsockopt sock level optname value Set an option on socket port SOCK. The return value is unspecified. LEVEL is an integer specifying a protocol layer, either `SOL_SOCKET' for socket level options, or a protocol number from the `IPPROTO' constants or `getprotoent' (see Network Databases). - Variable: SOL_SOCKET OPTNAME is an integer specifying an option within the protocol layer. For `SOL_SOCKET' level the following OPTNAMEs are defined (when provided by the system). For their meaning see Socket-Level Options in manual The GNU C Library Reference Manual, or `man 7 socket'. - Variable: SO_DEBUG VALUE is an integer. - Variable: SO_LINGER VALUE is a pair of integers `(ENABLE . TIMEOUT)'. On old systems without timeout support (ie.: without `struct linger'), only ENABLE has an effect but the value in Guile is always a pair. For IP level (`IPPROTO_IP') the following OPTNAMEs are defined (when provided by the system). See `man ip' for what they mean. - Variable: IP_MULTICAST_IF This sets the source interface used by multicast traffic. - Variable: IP_MULTICAST_TTL This sets the default TTL for multicast traffic. This defaults to 1 and should be increased to allow traffic to pass beyond the local network. - Variable: IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP These can be used only with `setsockopt', not `getsockopt'. VALUE is a pair `(MULTIADDR . INTERFACEADDR)' of IPv4 addresses (see Network Address Conversion). MULTIADDR is a multicast address to be added to or dropped from the interface INTERFACEADDR. INTERFACEADDR can be `INADDR_ANY' to have the system select the interface. INTERFACEADDR can also be an interface index number, on systems supporting that. shutdown - Scheme Procedure: shutdown sock how Sockets can be closed simply by using `close-port'. The `shutdown' procedure allows reception or transmission on a connection to be shut down individually, according to the parameter HOW: 0 Stop receiving data for this socket. If further data arrives, reject it. 1 Stop trying to transmit data from this socket. Discard any data waiting to be sent. Stop looking for acknowledgement of data already sent; don't retransmit it if it is lost. 2 Stop both reception and transmission. The return value is unspecified. connect - Scheme Procedure: connect sock fam_or_sockaddr [address . args] Initiate a connection from a socket using a specified address family to the address specified by ADDRESS and possibly ARGS. The format required for ADDRESS and ARGS depends on the family of the socket. For a socket of family `AF_UNIX', only ADDRESS is specified and must be a string with the filename where the socket is to be created. For a socket of family `AF_INET', ADDRESS must be an integer IPv4 host address and ARGS must be a single integer port number. For a socket of family `AF_INET6', ADDRESS must be an integer IPv6 host address and ARGS may be up to three integers: port [flowinfo] [scope_id], where flowinfo and scope_id default to zero. Alternatively, the second argument can be a socket address object as returned by `make-socket-address', in which case the no additional arguments should be passed. Return true, unless the socket was configured to be non-blocking and the operation has not finished yet. bind - Scheme Procedure: bind sock fam_or_sockaddr [address . args] Assign an address to the socket port SOCK. Generally this only needs to be done for server sockets, so they know where to look for incoming connections. A socket without an address will be assigned one automatically when it starts communicating. The format of ADDRESS and ARGS depends on the family of the socket. For a socket of family `AF_UNIX', only ADDRESS is specified and must be a string with the filename where the socket is to be created. For a socket of family `AF_INET', ADDRESS must be an integer IPv4 address and ARGS must be a single integer port number. The values of the following variables can also be used for ADDRESS: - Variable: INADDR_ANY Allow connections from any address. - Variable: INADDR_LOOPBACK The address of the local host using the loopback device. - Variable: INADDR_BROADCAST The broadcast address on the local network. - Variable: INADDR_NONE No address. For a socket of family `AF_INET6', ADDRESS must be an integer IPv6 address and ARGS may be up to three integers: port [flowinfo] [scope_id], where flowinfo and scope_id default to zero. Alternatively, the second argument can be a socket address object as returned by `make-socket-address', in which case the no additional arguments should be passed. The return value is unspecified. listen - Scheme Procedure: listen sock backlog Enable SOCK to accept connection requests. BACKLOG is an integer specifying the maximum length of the queue for pending connections. If the queue fills, new clients will fail to connect until the server calls `accept' to accept a connection from the queue. The return value is unspecified. make-socket-address - Scheme Procedure: make-socket-address family address . args Return a Scheme address object that reflects ADDRESS, being an address of family FAMILY, with the family-specific parameters ARGS (see the description of `connect' for details). accept - Scheme Procedure: accept sock [flags] Accept a connection on a bound, listening socket. If there are no pending connections in the queue, there are two possibilities: if the socket has been configured as non-blocking, return `#f' directly. Otherwise wait until a connection is available. When a connection comes, the return value is a pair in which the _car_ is a new socket port for the connection and the _cdr_ is an object with address information about the client which initiated the connection. SOCK does not become part of the connection and will continue to accept new requests. getsockname - Scheme Procedure: getsockname sock Return the address of SOCK, in the same form as the object returned by `accept'. On many systems the address of a socket in the `AF_FILE' namespace cannot be read. getpeername - Scheme Procedure: getpeername sock Return the address that SOCK is connected to, in the same form as the object returned by `accept'. On many systems the address of a socket in the `AF_FILE' namespace cannot be read. recv! - Scheme Procedure: recv! sock buf [flags] Receive data from a socket port. SOCK must already be bound to the address from which data is to be received. BUF is a bytevector into which the data will be written. The size of BUF limits the amount of data which can be received: in the case of packet protocols, if a packet larger than this limit is encountered then some data will be irrevocably lost. The optional FLAGS argument is a value or bitwise OR of MSG_OOB, MSG_PEEK, MSG_DONTROUTE etc. The value returned is the number of bytes read from the socket. Note that the data is read directly from the socket file descriptor: any unread buffered port data is ignored. send - Scheme Procedure: send sock message [flags] Transmit bytevector MESSAGE on socket port SOCK. SOCK must already be bound to a destination address. The value returned is the number of bytes transmitted -- it's possible for this to be less than the length of MESSAGE if the socket is set to be non-blocking. The optional FLAGS argument is a value or bitwise OR of MSG_OOB, MSG_PEEK, MSG_DONTROUTE etc. Note that the data is written directly to the socket file descriptor: any unflushed buffered port data is ignored. This operation is defined only for strings containing codepoints zero to 255. recvfrom! - Scheme Procedure: recvfrom! sock buf [flags [start [end]]] Receive data from socket port SOCK (which must be already bound), returning the originating address as well as the data. This is usually for use on datagram sockets, but can be used on stream-oriented sockets too. The data received is stored in bytevector BUF, using either the whole bytevector or just the region between the optional START and END positions. The size of BUF limits the amount of data that can be received. For datagram protocols, if a packet larger than this is received then excess bytes are irrevocably lost. The return value is a pair. The `car' is the number of bytes read. The `cdr' is a socket address object which is where the data came from, or `#f' if the origin is unknown. The optional FLAGS argument is a or bitwise OR (`logior') of `MSG_OOB', `MSG_PEEK', `MSG_DONTROUTE' etc. Data is read directly from the socket file descriptor, any buffered port data is ignored. On a GNU/Linux system `recvfrom!' is not multi-threading, all threads stop while a `recvfrom!' call is in progress. An application may need to use `select', `O_NONBLOCK' or `MSG_DONTWAIT' to avoid this. sendto - Scheme Procedure: sendto sock message fam_or_sockaddr [address . args_and_flags] Transmit bytevector MESSAGE on socket port SOCK. The destination address is specified using the FAM_OR_SOCKADDR, ADDRESS and ARGS_AND_FLAGS arguments, or just a socket address object returned by `make-socket-address', in a similar way to the `connect' procedure. ARGS_AND_FLAGS contains the usual connection arguments optionally followed by a flags argument, which is a value or bitwise OR of MSG_OOB, MSG_PEEK, MSG_DONTROUTE etc. The value returned is the number of bytes transmitted -- it's possible for this to be less than the length of MESSAGE if the socket is set to be non-blocking. Note that the data is written directly to the socket file descriptor: any unflushed buffered port data is ignored. This operation is defined only for strings containing codepoints zero to 255. regexp? - Scheme Procedure: regexp? obj Return `#t' if OBJ is a compiled regular expression, or `#f' otherwise. make-regexp - Scheme Procedure: make-regexp pat . flags Compile the regular expression described by PAT, and return the compiled regexp structure. If PAT does not describe a legal regular expression, `make-regexp' throws a `regular-expression-syntax' error. The FLAGS arguments change the behavior of the compiled regular expression. The following flags may be supplied: regexp/icase Consider uppercase and lowercase letters to be the same when matching. regexp/newline If a newline appears in the target string, then permit the `^' and `$' operators to match immediately after or immediately before the newline, respectively. Also, the `.' and `[^...]' operators will never match a newline character. The intent of this flag is to treat the target string as a buffer containing many lines of text, and the regular expression as a pattern that may match a single one of those lines. regexp/basic Compile a basic (``obsolete'') regexp instead of the extended (``modern'') regexps that are the default. Basic regexps do not consider `|', `+' or `?' to be special characters, and require the `{...}' and `(...)' metacharacters to be backslash-escaped (see Backslash Escapes). There are several other differences between basic and extended regular expressions, but these are the most significant. regexp/extended Compile an extended regular expression rather than a basic regexp. This is the default behavior; this flag will not usually be needed. If a call to `make-regexp' includes both `regexp/basic' and `regexp/extended' flags, the one which comes last will override the earlier one. regexp-exec - Scheme Procedure: regexp-exec rx str [start [flags]] Match the compiled regular expression RX against `str'. If the optional integer START argument is provided, begin matching from that position in the string. Return a match structure describing the results of the match, or `#f' if no match could be found. The FLAGS arguments change the matching behavior. The following flags may be supplied: regexp/notbol Operator `^' always fails (unless `regexp/newline' is used). Use this when the beginning of the string should not be considered the beginning of a line. regexp/noteol Operator `$' always fails (unless `regexp/newline' is used). Use this when the end of the string should not be considered the end of a line.
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