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Code Editor : iconv.3.html

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<title>ICONV</title>

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<h1 align="center">ICONV</h1>

<a href="#NAME">NAME</a> 
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a> 
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a> 
<a href="#RETURN VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a> 
<a href="#ERRORS">ERRORS</a> 
<a href="#CONFORMING TO">CONFORMING TO</a> 
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a>

<hr>

iconv &minus;
perform character set conversion

<h2>SYNOPSIS
<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
</h2>

#include
&lt;iconv.h&gt;

size_t iconv
(iconv_t cd, 
const char* * inbuf, size_t *
inbytesleft, 
char* * outbuf, size_t *
outbytesleft);

<h2>DESCRIPTION
<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
</h2>

The argument
cd must be a conversion descriptor created using the
function iconv_open.

The main case
is when inbuf is not NULL and *inbuf is not
NULL. In this case, the iconv function converts the
multibyte sequence starting at *inbuf to a multibyte
sequence starting at *outbuf. At most
*inbytesleft bytes, starting at *inbuf, will
be read. At most *outbytesleft bytes, starting at
*outbuf, will be written.

The
iconv function converts one multibyte character at a
time, and for each character conversion it increments
*inbuf and decrements *inbytesleft by the
number of converted input bytes, it increments
*outbuf and decrements *outbytesleft by the
number of converted output bytes, and it updates the
conversion state contained in cd. If the character
encoding of the input is stateful, the iconv function
can also convert a sequence of input bytes to an update of
the conversion state without producing any output bytes;
such input is called a shift sequence. The conversion
can stop for four reasons:

1. An invalid
multibyte sequence is encountered in the input. In this case
it sets errno to EILSEQ and returns
(size_t)(&minus;1). *inbuf is left pointing to the
beginning of the invalid multibyte sequence.

2. The input
byte sequence has been entirely converted, i.e.
*inbytesleft has gone down to 0. In this case
iconv returns the number of non-reversible
conversions performed during this call.

3. An
incomplete multibyte sequence is encountered in the input,
and the input byte sequence terminates after it. In this
case it sets errno to EINVAL and returns
(size_t)(&minus;1). *inbuf is left pointing to the
beginning of the incomplete multibyte sequence.

4. The output
buffer has no more room for the next converted character. In
this case it sets errno to E2BIG and returns
(size_t)(&minus;1).

A different
case is when inbuf is NULL or *inbuf is NULL,
but outbuf is not NULL and *outbuf is not
NULL. In this case, the iconv function attempts to
set cd&rsquo;s conversion state to the initial state
and store a corresponding shift sequence at *outbuf.
At most *outbytesleft bytes, starting at
*outbuf, will be written. If the output buffer has no
more room for this reset sequence, it sets errno to
E2BIG and returns (size_t)(&minus;1). Otherwise it
increments *outbuf and decrements
*outbytesleft by the number of bytes written.

A third case is
when inbuf is NULL or *inbuf is NULL, and
outbuf is NULL or *outbuf is NULL. In this
case, the iconv function sets cd&rsquo;s
conversion state to the initial state.

<h2>RETURN VALUE
<a name="RETURN VALUE"></a>
</h2>

The
iconv function returns the number of characters
converted in a non-reversible way during this call;
reversible conversions are not counted. In case of error, it
sets errno and returns (size_t)(&minus;1).

<h2>ERRORS
<a name="ERRORS"></a>
</h2>

The following
errors can occur, among others:

E2BIG</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="78%">

There is not sufficient room at *outbuf.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="9%">

EILSEQ</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="78%">

An invalid multibyte sequence has been encountered in
the input.</td></tr>
<tr valign="top" align="left">
<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="9%">

EINVAL</td>
<td width="2%"></td>
<td width="78%">

An incomplete multibyte sequence has been encountered in
the input.</td></tr>
</table>

<h2>CONFORMING TO
<a name="CONFORMING TO"></a>
</h2>

POSIX:2001

iconv_open(3),
iconvctl(3) iconv_close(3)
<hr>
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Code Editor : iconv.3.html